competitive advantage on their product or service.
价值创造活动是一系列提高产品或服务价值的行动。为了获得竞争优势，在整个过程中，组织的产品或服务将实现边际价值。如果这些活动得到适当应用，组织将在其产品或服务上获得竞争优势。
2.4.1 Value chain analysis 价值链分析
According to Michael porter a value chain is the set of actions that build up worth at every stage in producing the product. The cost of the product settled by the company is the total of all the expenses paid throughout all stages of producing this product.
Value chain analysis is a tool applied by organization, so that they can figure out how to create a great worth for their consumers.
根据迈克尔·波特的说法，价值链是在生产产品的每个阶段建立价值的一系列行动。公司结算的产品成本是在生产该产品的所有阶段支付的所有费用的总和。
价值链分析是组织应用的一种工具，以便他们能够找出如何为消费者创造巨大价值。
2.4.2 Application to Company 公司的应用
The value chain analysis will help in determining the rate of development in Apple Inc and will also detect how Apple uses their resources.
价值链分析将有助于确定苹果公司的发展速度，还将检测苹果公司如何使用其资源。
This value chain component tends to prove apple’s abilities in the technological branch. Apple was the first company to introduce a digital lifestyle hub. The history of apple is full of technological achievements. Apple operating system is considered more safe and stable than windows.
这一价值链组成部分往往证明了苹果在技术领域的能力。苹果是第一家引入数字生活方式中心的公司。苹果的历史充满了科技成就。苹果操作系统被认为比windows更安全和稳定。
Apple tends to be the best and the first in the technological products achievements.
苹果在科技产品方面的成就往往是最好的和第一的。
Since Apple rejected to license its operating system to other organizations, the bundled packages of the company developed hardware and software that became the basis of Apple’s production process. Apple considers productivity as an important branch of the designing process.
由于苹果拒绝将其操作系统许可给其他组织，该公司的捆绑包开发了硬件和软件，成为苹果生产流程的基础。苹果认为生产力是设计过程的一个重要分支。
When apple achieved a good market share growth and had a base of loyal consumers who are waiting for apple to introduce a new product, so that they can replace their old product with the new one. Apple saw that it is time for expensive P.C to enter the market. Apple concentrated on achieving more growth than before, so that they can produce a better ‘mousetrap’ all the way through its history.
当苹果实现了良好的市场份额增长，并拥有一批忠实的消费者，他们在等待苹果推出新产品，以便用新产品替换旧产品。苹果认为，是时候让昂贵的PC进入市场了。苹果专注于实现比以前更大的增长，这样他们就可以在其历史上制造出更好的“捕鼠器”。
Customer service is one of the main things that make Apple Inc. special in the market. Actually they tend to satisfy the consumer even after buying the product by giving the consumer after sale services and warranty. Apple’s efficient customer service is one of the reasons why loyal consumers never change to another companies selling the same technology.
客户服务是苹果公司在市场上与众不同的主要因素之一。事实上，即使在购买产品后，他们也会通过向消费者提供售后服务和保修来满足消费者。苹果高效的客户服务是忠诚的消费者永远不会更换其他销售相同技术的公司的原因之一。
Legally in a changeable innovative market, it is well-known for apple company that it is important to protect their copyrights and maintaining the patent, so that no one of their competitors can use any of the inventions that apple have record it under their name. In the year 2012 Samsung company was fined about 1 billion$ in favor of Apple Inc. because they used two of the invention that apple have record them as a patent.
在一个变化多端的创新市场上，苹果公司众所周知，保护其版权和维护专利是非常重要的，这样，他们的竞争对手就不会使用苹果公司以其名义记录的任何发明。2012年，三星公司被苹果公司罚款约10亿美元，因为他们使用了苹果公司记录为专利的两项发明。
This proves that apple as a company is able to protect their rights from the competitors’ utilization.
这证明苹果作为一家公司能够保护自己的权利不被竞争对手利用。
2.5 Resource based view 基于资源的视图
RVB is a tool that is used to evaluate the value of organization strategic assets. The resource based view tool is based on the idea that the efficient use of all resources that an organization collects helps in determining its competitive advantage.
RVB是一种用于评估组织战略资产价值的工具。基于资源的视图工具基于这样一种理念，即有效利用组织收集的所有资源有助于确定其竞争优势。
2.5.1 Resources 资源
Organization resources are all the resources that allow and help a firm to apply and perform its activities. All resources that a firm has may not be strategically related. There a
