维多利亚大学Business Assignment范文-中国的运输、配送和物流效率高吗？本文是一篇Victoria University的Business Assignment写作范文，主要内容是讲述中国目前是世界制造工厂，并在不断增长。中国的主要出口目的地是美国、欧盟、香港和日本，这些国家占出口额的68%。在过去的十年里，中国蓬勃发展的经济从全球化和贸易解放中受益匪浅。本篇Assignment就是讨论随着如此大量的产品在中国生产，这些产品是如何离开中国的，这引起了人们的担忧。中国的运输、物流和配送系统是否高效？下面就一起来看一下这篇维多利亚大学的Assignment范文。
China. Currently the worlds manufacturing plant, and is constantly growing. China’s main export destinations are the United States, the European Union, Hong Kong, and Japan which accounts for 68% of export value. In the last decade China’s booming economy has greatly benefited from globalization and trade liberation. With such a huge amount of product’s being manufactured in China, it brings to concern how these products are getting out of China. Is China’s transport, logistics and distribution systems efficient?
China’s logistics first started off with the three-tier distribution system, this distribution model used the top down approach. Under this distribution model, only state owned wholesalers were allowed to provide logistics services. The three major hubs for tier-1 distribution centres were located in Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Tier-2 distribution centres were typically located in Provence capitals, this tier mainly dealt with distribution to major urban areas, storage and transportation. Tire-3 operate in smaller cities and towns, they provided additional storage and final delivery location. When a product reaches tier-1 locations it then flows down each tier until tier-3 in which the product is then delivered to the business or customer. Amongst this tier system, there were no competitive motives; the performance of the system was measured in terms of the fulfilment of the central administration goals as well as arrangement with political interests. Today China has liberated the three tier system, the state still takes part in state owned enterprises, but limit the partition of privately owned companies were allowed and encourages (Luk & Sherriff, 1998).
中国的物流最早是从三层配送体系开始的，这种配送模式采用自上而下的方式。在这种分销模式下，只有国有批发商才能提供物流服务。一级配送中心的三个主要枢纽分别位于天津、上海和广州。二级配送中心通常位于省会城市，这一级主要负责向主要城市地区的配送、仓储和运输。三级在较小的城镇运营，它们提供了额外的存储和最终交付地点。当产品到达第一层位置时，它会向下流动到每一层，直到第三层，然后将产品交付给业务或客户。在这一等级制度中，没有竞争动机；该制度的绩效是根据中央行政目标的实现以及与政治利益的安排来衡量的。今天，中国已经解放了三级制，国家仍然参与国有企业，但限制私营企业的分割是允许和鼓励的。
The impact of a products being delayed can be a problem, delays can be associated with the image of the company, and having an order delayed can cause negative reputation with supplier. In terms of exporters in relation to delays, in some cases they would need to offer price discounts, rebates, or maybe penalised. Longer delays may even lead to cancelations of orders, the return of cargo, which can cause major logistical problems at port, and may also disrupt the supplier’s cash flow.
产品延迟的影响可能是一个问题，延迟可能与公司的形象有关，订单延迟可能会导致供应商的负面声誉。就延迟的出口商而言，在某些情况下，他们需要提供价格折扣、回扣，或者可能受到处罚。更长的延误甚至可能导致订单取消、货物退回，这可能会导致港口的重大物流问题，也可能扰乱供应商的现金流。
The rail network in China is vast; however it is still not capable of easing congestion on highways. There is still a shortage or rail way networks in China. The rail system has been primarily used to server as a means of transporting build material such as coal, steel and iron additionally the rails system has also been used to transport iron ore, coal and other taw materials. China rail has not proved viable for finished goods and industrial products to long booking times and delays. During 2005 less than 1% of containers were moved by rail, during this time container trucks were the dominant transport mode for freight. China’s manufacturing is moving more inland and ports are becoming more congested. China plants to solve this by increasing their rail logistics by introducing eighteen inland railway logistics hub. (Mongelluzzo, 2007).
中国的铁路网十分庞大；然而，它仍然无法缓解高速公路上的拥堵。中国的铁路网仍然短缺。铁路系统主要用于运输煤炭、钢铁等建筑材料。此外，铁路系统还用于运输铁矿石、煤炭和其他原材料。事实证明，由于预订时间长和延误，中国铁路在成品和工业产品方面并不可行。2005年，只有不到1%的集装箱通过铁路运输，在此期间，集装箱卡车是主要
