印度-德国双边贸易被认为是一个值得尊敬的两大经济体贸易量的一个遥远的呼声。尽管两国已承诺增加双边贸易，印度分配给德国的重要性尚未得到回应。印度和德国创造任何阵列的机会一个又一个，这仍然是未知的。本文探讨了贸易关系和贸易的全球和双边观点的两个经济体的程度。本文的目的并不是衡量双边贸易的程度在这两个国家之间在2007-2012年期间也得出一些结论，关于这些经济体之间的贸易潜力相关。本文的其余部分重点在这些国家之间的双边贸易的机会和挑战。本文阐明了阻碍合作的挑战。
The Indo-German bilateral trade is deemed to be a far cry of a respectable volume of trade for two large economies. Despite the fact that both economies have pledged to increase bilateral trade, the importance that India assigns to Germany is yet to be reciprocated. Both India and Germany create any array of opportunities for one another, which remain uncharted. This paper examines the extent of trade relations and trade of both economies from the global and bilateral perspectives. The purpose of this paper is not to measure the extent of bilateral trade in between these two countries over the period of 2007-2012 but also draw some conclusions about the potentialities between these economies related to trade. The remainder of this paper focusing on opportunities and challenges of the bilateral trade amongst these countries. The challenges that hinder cooperation are also elucidated in this paper.
Keywords: Bilateral Trade, Trade Relations, Economies, Challenges
Introduction 简介
Germany has the largest population in the European Union with 81.8 inhabitants in January, 2010 and its economy ranks 4th in terms of nominal GDP and 5th in terms of purchasing power in the world after US, China, Japan and India, as well as the largest in Europe in terms of purchasing power parity. [1] Germany is India's biggest trading partner in Europe and overall fifth biggest trading partner in the world. [2] and second largest in technology partnership with India.[3] The items which Germany exports to India are electrical generation equipment, chassis, motors and auto equipment, complete fabrication plants, bearings, gear equipment, measurement and control equipment, primary chemical products, synthetic material, machine tools, aircrafts and iron and steel sheets, etc. One of the strongest demands for German's commodities is automobiles. In 2009, Germany produced 5.2 million vehicles, and was the world's fourth largest producer and largest exporter of automobiles. [4]
The Economy of India is the ninth largest in the world by nominal GDP and the fourth largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). India becomes seventeenth largest exporter and eleventh largest importer in the world due to the development in trade and business. [5] India was Germany's 24th largest trade partner in 2010. [6] India climbing up the ladder by one rank, finishing as 23rd largest partner in previous year. While this is a positive development considering that India languished at 40th rank as Germany's export partner and was 36th placed as its source of imports in 2000, there is a significant room for improvement. The upward scope may be gauged by the fact that in 2011 much smaller economies like Poland and Slovakia had a higher trade volume with Germany than India did. [7] Indian merchandise exports to Germany are an integral part of the total Indian exports to Germany. Indian merchandise exports to Germany comprise of textiles, chemicals, metal products, leather, electro technical products, pharmaceuticals, and machinery. The main merchandise exported to Germany from India is textiles. It has been recorded that there has been a remarkable growth in the export of textiles from 1962-1990. [8] There are other prospective growth areas for the purpose of Indian merchandise exports to Germany, like software, biotech, and entertainment, medium range engineering goods, sports goods, toys, and Christmas decorations. [9] India is one of the Germany's most important partners in development cooperation which focuses on sustainable development, environment and energy. [10]
India and Germany have enjoyed long-standing historic and cultural ties and it's marked by decades of friendship and cooperation. India was the first nation to end the state of war with Germany after
