摘要
学困生是指那些相对而言学习有困难（也称“学习无能”或“学业不良”）的学生。本文探究初中数学学困生的形成原因并且提出一些转化策略。论文共五部分,具体结构如下:
第一部分：绪论，学困生是每个学校确实存在的群体。研究他们、分析成因、找到转化的办法，对教育工作有非常重要的作用。国内外对学困生从各个方面进行了研究和分析，结合自己的感受，笔者认为需要把自己的所思所悟写下来，形成自己的方法，同时希望能通过实践不断修正和提升，也为同行们的工作提供便利。通过研究确定研究途径包括：调查问卷、对比法、查阅文献。
第二部分：学困生现状调查。通过对数学成绩靠后的学生进行问卷调查，分析他们的现状，他们普遍反映出来的问题是缺乏学习兴趣、缺乏学习主动性、意志薄弱，在数学学习上没有成功的体验，有畏惧心理。同时这部分孩子在数学课堂也存在问题“听课困难症”。
第三部分：初中“学困生”成因的分析。（1）研究孩子自身的因素，包括：学习兴趣、学习方法、学习体验对成绩的影响；（2）老师的原因包括教学方法、教学实施、对学生的要求；（3）家庭原因：包括沟通、期望、关心等方面。
第四部分：学困生转化策略。在之前研究的基础上，找到学困生的成因，分析对应转化的策略：（1）从孩子自身入手：提高孩子的学习兴趣，调动学习的积极性、优化学习方法；（2）从数学老师方面：提升施教的方法，包括有效的课堂组织和提问、新颖合适的教学方法，准确的把握教材、合理准确定位孩子，让孩子获取成就感。（3）从家庭方面，（4）从社会入手。
学困生形成是一个长期的过程，转化也是一个长期、复杂的过程，仅通过一个月两个月的研究关注是不能很好的转化他们的。并且每个孩子都有自己的特点，有了理论指导还要结合孩子的自身特点有的放矢、灵活的选择方法。作为老师，我们要在这条道路上不断前行。
关键词：初中数学，学困生，形成，转化
Abstract
The students with learning difficulties are those who are relatively hard to learn (also known as "learning inefficiency" or "learning disabilities"). This thesis explores the causes of junior high school students with learning difficulties in math and puts forward some strategies. The thesis consists of five parts, as following:
The first part: Introduction
The students with learning difficulties are communities truly existing in every school, which emphases the importance on education by researching on them, analyzing the causes and finding the ways to transform. The students with learning difficulties are studied and analyzed from various aspects at home and abroad. Combined with own feelings, author considers it is necessary to write own thoughts to down, and form own methods, and at the same time hope to improve and correct constantly through practice, and facilitate the work of colleagues. The research methods include: questionnaire, comparison and literature review.
The second part: The current situation of students with learning difficulties.Through a questionnaire survey of the students with lower mathematics achievement, author analyzes their status. They generally reflect on the problems that are a lack of interest in learning, a lack of learning initiative, and weak will, as well as no successful experience in mathematics learning and having fear inner statement. At the same time, this part of students has trouble in listening to classes in the mathematics classroom.
The third part: The analysis of the causes of junior high school students with learning difficulties:(1)Personal factors, including: learning interest, learning methods, learning experience influence on performance; (2) Teaching methods, including: teaching methods, teaching implementation, the requirements of the students; (3) Family reasons, including: communication, expectation, interest etc..
The fourth part: The transformation strategies of the students with learning difficulties. On the basis of the previous studies, find the causes of students with learning difficulties, and analyze the corresponding transformation strategies: (1) Starting from children: to improve children's interest in learning, to mobilize the enthusiasm of learning, to optimize learning methods; (2) From the math teacher: to improve teaching methods, including effective classroom organization, asking questions, and new appropriate teaching methods, with accurate grasp of teaching materials, to find reasonable and accurate position of the children, letting the children get a sense of achievement. (3) From the family, (4) From the society
The formation of students with learning difficulties is a long process, and the transformation of them also is a long and complicated process. It is impossible to transform them well through one or two months’ researching focus. And each child has he/she own characteristics. With the guidance of the theory, it is targeted and flexible methods that should be chosen to teach students. As a teacher, we have to go on this road.
Key words: junior high school mathematics, students with learning difficulties, formation, transformation
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract
