体育院校大学生寻求专业心理咨询帮助的现状调查及其影响因素研究
摘 要
近年来，伴随着马加爵案的发生，大学生的心理健康问题越来越引起社会各界的重视和关注。在遇到心理问题时，只有相当少的一部分大学生会选择到专业的心理咨询机构进行咨询和求助。国外的研究者从人口学变量、个人特质和社会心理三个方面的因素分析了求助者和不求助者的区别，得到了一些有价值的结论。但是，从宏观层面看，这些结论显得比较零散，缺乏系统性和理论上的整合，在实践应用时具有一定的局限性。而且由于种族、地域、文化以及教育方式有所差异，这些国外学者的研究结论并不一定能很好地适用于中国的学生。与此同时国内的一些相关方面的结论主要是基于对普通在校大学生的调查分析，而对于体育类院校的大学生却鲜有相关方面的研究。因此，研究中国体育类院校大学生的心理求助特点和影响因素是必要和可行的。
本研究采用华中师范大学心理学院翻译的量表和自编的问卷，对湖北省武汉体育学院的140名学生进行问卷调查。首先分析大学生在面对心理困扰时一般应对方式和求助对象。其次，采用方差分析探索多种变量对大学心理求助意愿的影响是否有显著性。最后采用多元回归的方法探索对大学生心理求助有影响作用的预测源。
研究结果表明：
1.在面对心理困扰时，大部分体育类院校的大学生会采取积极的应对方式。但是还是有1/4的学生采取消极的应对策略。
2.在面对心理困扰时，如果决定求助，体育类院校大学生首选的求助对象是朋友，其次是家长、恋人。体育类院校大学生较少选择的求助对象是老师和心理咨询师。
3.面对心理困扰，男性比女性表现出更愿意求助的倾向，对于心理咨询，男性表现出比女性更加接受的态度。
4.影响体育类院校大学生在假设情景下心理求助意愿的变量为年级和此刻的情绪状态。影响当前情景下心理求助意愿的变量为此刻的情绪状态。
5.处理问题的自我效能变量与当前情景的求助意愿存在显著相关。对于社会成见的担心变量与假设情景的求助意愿存在显著相关。
6.年级变量能有效预测假设情景下体育类院校大学生是否寻求专业的心理咨询帮助。处理心理问题的自我效能变量能有效预测当前情景下体育类院校大学生是否寻求专业的心理咨询帮助。
关键词：心理求助；影响因素；自我效能
Abstract
In recent years, accompanied by the Ma Jiajue case, the college students' psychological health problem causes social all circles more and more attention and concern.Only a proportion of university students suffering from mental health problems receive counseling services, A body of foreign literatures has addressed the demographic,psychological and social psychological variables that distinguish those that use university counseling services from those that do not.however,these results seemed to be scattered and are lack of systematic and theoretical intergration from the macroscopic level,they has a certain limitation in the practice application.And because of the difference of the races.the regions,the culture and the educational methods,the research results may not fit Chinese students well.Meanwhile,some domestic research results are base on normal university students but not for physical education insititute students.So researching on the characteristics and the influence factors of psychological help of physical education insititute students is necessary and feasible.
The method of this survey is mainly questionaire. We tested 140 students in wuhan physical education institute with the questionnaire which translated by.First we analyzed physical education insititute students how to cope and from whom seeking help when they encounter psychological problem.Second, we use variance analysis to explore significant factors that will affect the will of seeking psychological
help.Finally,to explore the predictors of psychological help seeking behavior and help seeking will.we conducted a standard multiple regression.
The finding indicate that:
1.Most of physical education insititute students would take positive measures to cope with psychological problems.However,there still a quarter
of students handle psychological problems with negative coping styles.
2.If the physical education insititute students who suffering psychological problems had decided to seek
help,most of them would select friend as the first choice,then family and lover,the final choices is teacher an counselor.
3.In physical education insititute,men students were significantly more likely to seek help than women and receive counseling.
4.If physical education insititute students come across psychological problems in future,http://www.51lunwen.org/yyxlx/2012/0312/lw201203121243545593.html the factors which will affect their will of seeking psychological help are Grade and the emotion state at the moment. The emotion state at the moment can efficiently affect the will of seeking psychological help at the moment.
5. There is a significant correlation between self-efficacy of dealing with problems and the physical education insititute students' will of seeking psychological help at the moment.There is a significant correlation between the worry about social prejudice and the will of seeking psychological help in the future.
6.Grade can efficiently forecast whether the physical education insititute students' will of seeking ps
