For implicit information at semantic level,substitution and paraphrase are used totranslate.Substitution is mainly used to deal with the implicit information caused by flexible use of words.Some of the words used in source text contain implicit informationbecause they are not expressing its original meaning and may cause misunderstanding toreaders,especially to readers of a different language.Substituting these words with morefrequently used words can facilitate understanding and realize the explicitation of theirimplicit information.The method of paraphrase is used when some of the words orphrases contain much implicit information that can not be simply expressed by usinglanguage units of the same forms as in source text.Paraphrase is used based on the fullunderstanding and analysis of source text,after which the translator uses more flexibleexpression to realize the explicitation of some information.
reference(omitted)
