帮写荷兰报告-荷兰政府公务员简介holland Civil servant Report-Civil servants, it is to point to to perform in public office, into the state administrative work out, by national finance burden wage and welfare work personnel. According to the nature of the civil service jobs position, characteristics and management requirements, divided into comprehensive management kind, professional technology and administrative law enforcement of categories. According to the state council of the People's Republic of China civil servant law, for a special position, need to separate management of, can add other job category. According to the national civil service jobs category Settings of official duties sequence. Civil servants position into leadership positions and non-leadership categories. "Civil servant" one word, from the foreign language "civilservant" or "civilservice" in translation. The English public servant original intention is "civilian clerk" and "civil servant", someone literal translation for "the queen's servant," someone translation of "civilian" or "civil servant system", also some people translation "civil servant" "civil servant system", someone translation "civilian civil servants," perhaps this translation of more accord with intent. The United States is called "the government employees" (governmental employee); In Japan before the second world war say "civilian", the postwar renamed "civil servant"; The French straight called "civil servant"; The federal Germany called "the federal civil servants" or "federal officials". In today's world, many developed countries and some developing countries such as Britain and America have emulated kingdom, and establish of the civil service system, the government of personnel engaged in public service in activity called "civil servant". Free capital socialist period: the bourgeois revolution after a very long time (until the late nineteenth century), the government's functions of management is very limited, mainly is to safeguard the social order, and act as "night watchman" role. Office of personnel employment is still to appoint primarily. In the country the monarchy, official position by the king appointed or hereditary noble gifts,; In a republic country, by the President and the chief executive appointed. Modern bourgeois parties system is built, political parties, and manipulated the state power distribution, government officer with the replacement of the ruling party and constant change. Gift with party official disputed resulted in a number of corruption. In this context, the national office of personnel management and no form scientific standard and a corresponding system. Western countries along the civil service system in the British civil service system; And in the world in general that the earliest ways of examination record of public officials take is China. From the sui and tang dynasties of China that is set collectors, soldiers two civil and military selection, and then have the imperial examination system. Civil servants
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The establishment of the civil service system: the 19 th century after the 30 years, in two revolution of science and technology and the industrial revolution, pushed by the rapid development of industrial production, capitalist into monopoly stage. "Parliament is supreme" the time is over, followed by is "administrative arbitrary". The state administrative management function intensified rapidly, the urgent need to reform public employment system, improve the administrative efficiency. The turn of the century, major western countries has created the system of public servants. In a foreign country, the concept of civil servants have greatly small, range uneven, roughly speaking, there are three types: the first is a small scale, civil servants refers to only the central government and the central African elected political appointed affairs officer, not including from the election or political appointed member of
