est globally. Concerning gender, the role of women may be perceived as an imbalance (Morvaridi). Due to the private sector's dynamization, reforms in the labor market, and well-capitalized banks, the economy can be generalized as stable.
3.0 Concept of citizenship regarding gender in Turkey
Here we discuss how the context of citizenship has been challenged over time in Turkey. In a bid to equate the rights and privileges of males in the Turkish economic spectrum, feminists have in time argued to substantiate equality (Müftüler 15) To acknowledge further the strides made to formalize equality, we take a look at some accomplishments brought about by the persistent protests. In women's favor, polygamy's restriction was successful in 1985, after a series of aggressive rallying by feminists to advocate for the same. The penal code, which required women to request permission to work outside their home, was repealed in 1980. Women were also granted the plea to retain their maiden name in contrast to the guideline of inheriting the husband's surname. The criminal code which presented rapists a reduction in sentence was also overturned. Double standards concerning adultery with both genders were also reviewed.
In contrast, a man could only be charged with adultery if he maintained a continual relationship instead of a woman being accused of cheating regardless of it being a first-time offense or not. Gender inequality is also quite evident in the education sector. To sustain high educational standards, inequality must be eradicated. Bringing attention to the communal value of equal education is essential. Women play a substantial role in economic endeavors, and the weight of their impact on the socioeconomic scale is evident. Emphasis may be put on the need to invest in mass education and sensitization on an illiterate female population's adverse effects. The impact of having an illiterate mass of the female gender includes an impoverished financial security sector, lower life expectancy, and pitiable health outcomes (Sayilan and Yildiz, 2009).
3.1Gender-based violence
1980 marked the entry of domestic violence into the plan of Turkey as state policy. Since then, activities have been footed to ensure efficiency in combating violence. Kocacık and Erselcan noted that 75% of women are physically abused by their husbands (2). The issue is widespread, and it mostly impacts the gender policies in Turkey. The recorded number of 66 women slain was recorded under gender-based violence in 2002. A palpable rise in this figure saw it rise to 953 in just the first seven months of 2009. On June 9th, 2009, the European Court of Human rights of the council of Europe ruled that Turkey was in clear violation of its mandate to defend women against gender-based violence. The discrimination was apparent in all households after numerous complaints were lodged in law courts. According to Tansel, women were continuously beaten and physically assaulted by their spouses and later killed after a relentless assault. An effort to combat gender violence was then launched in the 1990s. An effort was made to shelter victims of the said violence. The state's action is insufficient because the city workers try to reconcile abusers with the victims. They are known to let them in sometimes. This fact confirms that legal action and changes need to be fortified. National research on domestic violence in 2008 stated that between 26% to 57% of married women are subjected to domestic violence at least once in their lives. Honor killings exist under a specific type of violence. This entails killing a family member under an allegation of shame being brought to the perpetrator's family Van Eck (1). Government figures indicate that one thousand women have been victims of such killings from 2003 to 2008. Legal grounds have been established to form a mechanism of justice and concerning domestic violence.
Applicability for prosecutors and judges has been drafted to
