n is one where businesses act as suppliers to other parties. In business-to-consumer (B2C) interactions, firms sell products and services through online means directly to their customers.
最典型的互动形式是企业充当其他方的供应商。在企业对消费者（B2C）互动中，公司通过在线方式直接向客户销售产品和服务。
Business-to-business (B2B) interactions are platforms for the online purchase of operating or manufacturing inputs that other businesses need for making their products and services. The e-marketplace platform Covisint, which serves car manufacturers (as buyers) and component suppliers (as sellers), is a prominent example of a B2B platform.
企业对企业（B2B）互动是在线购买其他企业生产产品和服务所需的运营或制造投入的平台。为汽车制造商（作为买家）和零部件供应商（作为卖家）提供服务的电子市场平台Covisint是B2B平台的一个突出例子。
Business-to-government (B2G) interactions include for instance, the online submission of corporate tax return forms.企业与政府（B2G）的互动包括例如在线提交企业纳税申报表
The government as a supplier/provider 政府作为供应商
Compared with the above two categories (i.e. consumers and businesses), government activities in e-commerce have so far been relatively low. However, this is changing, and it can be expected that in the future a significant part of governmental agencies’ interactions with citizens and businesses will be conducted online (for a detailed discussion of e-government applications, see the e-government case study, p.000).
与上述两类（即消费者和企业）相比，迄今为止，政府在电子商务方面的活动相对较少。然而，这种情况正在发生变化，预计未来政府机构与公民和企业的互动将有很大一部分在网上进行（有关电子政务应用的详细讨论，请参阅电子政务案例研究，第000页）。
The e-business market segmentation matrix shown below provides a classification of the different interaction types made possible through the Internet.下面显示的电子商务市场细分矩阵提供了通过互联网实现的不同交互类型的分类。
Consumer/Peer/Citizen:消费者/同行/公民
Consumer-to-Consumer:消费者对消费者
e.g. eBay – peer to peer 例如eBay–对等
e.g. Craigslist 例如Craigslist
Business to Consumer:企业对消费者
e.g. Ducati.com, The modular Project-Google 例如，Ducati.com，谷歌模块化项目
Goverment to Citizen:政府对公民
e.g. Information about pension statements of citizens,Rules.Gov 例如，有关公民养老金报表的信息，Rules.Gov
Business:业务
Consumer-to-Business:消费者对企业
e.g. Amazon.com 例如亚马逊
Business-to-Business:企业对企业
e.g. Alibaba.com 例如阿里巴巴
Goverment to Business:政府对企业
e.g. Information about most recent legal regulations 例如，有关最新法律法规的信息
Goverment:政府
Citizen to Goverment:公民对政府
e.g. Online Tax return forms 例如，在线纳税申报表
Business to Goverment:政府事务
e.g. Online filling of corporate tax returns 例如，在线填写公司纳税申报表
Goverment to Goverment:政府对政府
e.g. exchange of diplomatic information 例如外交信息交流
5) On online and choose an e-commerce example and discuss how a company can use the Internet to implement the co-opetition concept. 在网上，选择一个电子商务的例子，讨论一家公司如何利用互联网来实现合作竞争的概念。
While the five forces industry framework focuses on the negative effects that market participants might have on industry attractiveness, the co-opetition framework enriches this perspective by highlighting that interactions with other players can also have a positive impact on profitability. These interactions can include (1) joint setting of technology and other industry standards, (2) joint developments and (3) joint lobbying.
虽然五力行业框架侧重于市场参与者可能对行业吸引力产生的负面影响，但合作竞争框架通过强调与其他参与者的互动也会对盈利能力产生积极影响，丰富了这一观点。这些互动可以包括（1）联合制定技术和其他行业标准，（2）联合开发和（3）联合游说。
The term, co-opetition (co-opetition) is a combination of the words cooperation and competition. It is the concept that competing businesses sometimes benefit by cooperating so that each gains greater capacity to compete in the market.
合作竞争（co-opetition）是合作和竞争两个词的组合。这是一个概念，即竞争企业有时会通过合作受益，从而获得更大的市场竞争能力。
Today Amazon announced it’s releasing its new Amazon phone exclusively on AT&T network. This is an example of co-opetition. It worked for Apple earlier and Amazon trying to follow the same mantra. Instead of releasing multiple carriers at same time exclusivity initially gives more focus for Amazon. For AT&T its win situation as it’s the only provider for Amazon phone when it’s launched.
如今，亚马逊宣布将在AT&T网络上独家发布其新款亚马逊手机。这是合作竞争的一个例子。早些时候，这对苹果和亚马逊都起到了作用，他们试图遵循同样的口号。最初，亚马逊没有同时发布多家运营商，而是更加关注独家经营。对于AT&T来说，这是一个双赢的局面，因为它是亚马逊手机推出时的唯一供应商。
Future co-opetition example, which can influence payments indus
