s ability to capture the value it creates.
波特提出了一个五力框架，其中概述了决定企业获取其创造价值能力的主要因素。
The five forces provide a guiding framework for understanding the sustainability of profits against competition and bargaining power. The five structural features that determine industry attractiveness are: (1) industry rivalry, (2) barriers to entry, (3) substitute products, (4) bargaining power of suppliers and (5) bargaining power of buyers.
这五种力量为理解利润相对于竞争和议价能力的可持续性提供了指导框架。决定行业吸引力的五个结构特征是：（1）行业竞争，（2）进入壁垒，（3）替代产品，（4）供应商的议价能力和（5）买家的议价能力。
Industry rivalry occurs when firms within an industry feel the pressure or the opportunity to enhance their existing market position. High intensity of rivalry within an industry results from the following structural factor
当一个行业内的公司感受到提高其现有市场地位的压力或机会时，就会发生行业竞争。一个行业内的高强度竞争是由以下结构性因素造成的
The Internet revolution geographical boundaries are getting reduced. People anywhere in the world are getting connected to each other through Internet. Inside e-commerce industry there are so many mergers and acquisition of companies taking place because fierce competition and rivalry to gain Internet customers.
互联网革命的地域界限正在缩小。世界上任何地方的人们都在通过互联网相互联系。在电子商务行业内，由于激烈的竞争和争夺互联网客户的竞争，许多公司正在进行并购。
The recent spat between Verizon and Netflix depicts classic example for latest Industry rivalry .The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has demanded access to private peering agreements between Netflix and Comcast as well as between Netflix and Verizon. The agreements are central to an ongoing dispute between the Internet service providers and Netflix regarding the speed at which the streaming video is delivered to consumers.
最近Verizon和Netflix之间的争吵描绘了最新行业竞争的典型例子。联邦通信委员会（FCC）要求获得Netflix和康卡斯特之间以及Netflix和Verizon之间的私人对等协议。这些协议是互联网服务提供商和Netflix之间关于流媒体视频交付给消费者的速度的持续争议的核心。
Barriers to entry determine the threat of new competitors to enter the market of a specific industry. As Internet entry is low cost every one thought it would wipe out most barriers to entry.
进入壁垒决定了新竞争对手进入特定行业市场的威胁。由于进入互联网的成本很低，每个人都认为这将消除大多数进入壁垒。
But as Brick and mortar companies has enough recognition and cash they found it easy to start Internet business than the companies, which do not have any presence.
但由于实体公司有足够的知名度和现金，他们发现创办互联网业务比那些没有任何业务的公司更容易。
Out of many Internet companies, very few companies like Alibaba, eBay, Amazon succeeded. There is steep learning curve for Internet business and still success is not that easy.
在众多互联网公司中，很少有像阿里巴巴、eBay、亚马逊这样的公司取得成功。互联网商业有陡峭的学习曲线，但成功并不是那么容易。
If there are numerous competitors, then individual firms may want to make a competitive move, e.g. by lowering prices. Furthermore, the Internet has reduced the importance of geographic boundaries, which traditionally limited the number of competitors within a region. For instance, B2B e-marketplaces, such as alibaba.com, amazon.com (quickly expanded into new locations. Since competitors following the same strategy, competition became more intense.
如果有许多竞争对手，那么个别公司可能希望采取竞争行动，例如降低价格。此外，互联网降低了地理边界的重要性，而地理边界传统上限制了一个地区内竞争对手的数量。例如，B2B电子市场，如alibaba.com、amazon.com（迅速扩展到新的地点。由于竞争对手遵循相同的策略，竞争变得更加激烈。）
Companies like Google, Amazon, Apple, and Microsoft are acquiring the intellectual assets to prove the dominance on music Industry and gaining huge market share whose market share is non-existent 10 years ago.
谷歌、亚马逊、苹果和微软等公司正在收购知识资产，以证明其在音乐行业的主导地位，并获得10年前还不存在的巨大市场份额。
Since the introduction the iTunes Music Store on April 28, 2003, music sales have plummeted in the United States — from $11.8 billion in 2003 to $7.1 billion last year 2013, according to the Recording Industry Association of America. When adjusted for inflation, revenue has been more than halved since Apple (AAPL) launched the iTunes Music Store
根据美国唱片业协会的数据，自2003年4月28日推出iTunes音乐商店以来，美国的音乐销售额暴跌，从2003年的118亿美元暴跌至2013年的71亿美元。经通胀调整后，自苹果推出iTunes音乐商店以来，收入减少了一半以上
Nevertheless, the iTunes Music Store’s effect on the way people buy music over the past 10 years has ensured that the music industry will never again be the same.
尽管如此，iTunes音乐商店在过去10年中对人们购买音乐方式的影响确保了音乐行业将不再是以前的样子。
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