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term paper写作参考:Does Culture Influence the Marketing Strategies of MNCs?

日期:2023年08月28日 编辑: 作者:无忧论文网 点击次数:1019
论文价格:免费 论文编号:lw202308281442432091 论文字数:5000 所属栏目:Paper写作
论文地区:中国 论文语种:English 论文用途:本科课程论文 BA Termpaper

term paper写作参考-文化影响跨国公司的营销策略吗?本文是一篇美国留学生学期论文(term paper)写作范文,主要内容是讲述在境外从事商业工作的公司被称为跨国公司。其中包括参与国际业务的所有类型的企业,无论大小。这些跨国企业中的许多被称为跨国公司,是通过股票公开拥有的组织。根据Andreas van de Kuil的说法,大多数跨国公司都很灵活,过去不容易出现经济起伏,主要是因为它们不依赖于一个单一的市场。跨国公司在一些市场运作成功,而在其他市场却未能成功,这足以弥补它们的弱点。跨国公司通过将风险分散到不同的市场来获得这一机会,在这些市场中,它们可能在某些市场失败,但在其他市场却成功运作。以下就是term paper范文的具体内容,供参考。

term paper写作范文

1.2: Background 背景
Companies that participate in business jobs outside their national borders are known as multinational companies. These include all types of businesses participating in international business whether, large or small. Many of these Multinational businesses are known as Multinational corporations, which are organizations, owned through stocks publicly (Cullen & Parboteeah, 2008, p. 5).
According to Andreas van de Kuil (2008) most multinational companies are flexible and are not liable to economical ups and down in the past, mainly because of the reason, that they are not reliant on one single market. Multinational companies function successfully in some markets while fails to succeed in other markets, which compensate their weakness more than enough. Multinational companies gains from this opportunity by spreading their risk over in different markets, where they might be failing in some markets but operates successfully in other markets (De Kuil, 2008, p. 17).
There has been extreme growth in Multinational companies. Multinationals has increased to 61,000 in 1999 from around 7,258 in 1972 and it reached apoxcemetly 79,000 by 2007. These multinational contains of 25 percent of world gross domestic product. The world’s ten largest multinational corporations, combined annual turnover rate exceeds the GDP from the world’s 100 poorest countries. These giant companies produce up to 25% of world’s gross product (Ellis, 2010, p. 9).
跨国公司出现了极端增长。跨国公司从1972年的7258家左右增加到1999年的61000家,到2007年达到79000多家。这些跨国公司占世界国内生产总值的25%。全球十大跨国公司的年营业额总和超过了全球100个最贫穷国家的GDP。这些大公司生产的产品占世界生产总值的25%。
Wal Mart was the largest corporation in terms of sales in the year 2000. Wal Mart exceeded the sales of previous world leader such as General Motors and Exxon (Rugman, 2005, p. 79).The cultural modifications are very important, although they are challenging to observe and measure. Failure considering and coping with them can result in strain relationship; awkward blunders can drop down the overall performance.
沃尔玛是2000年销售额最大的公司。沃尔玛的销售额超过了通用汽车和埃克森美孚等前世界领先公司。文化上的改变非常重要,尽管观察和衡量起来很有挑战性。未能考虑和应对它们会导致紧张关系;笨拙的失误会降低整体表现。
Geert Hofstede and Mooij de Marieke has argued that ignoring the impact which cultures have, has directed many companies to operations and centralize marketing, due to which there was a decrease in profitability rather than increase in efficiency. The Centralized control system lacks local sensitivity due to which several large multinationals businesses have witnessed their profits going down (Mooil & Hofstede, 2002, p. 61-69).
Geert Hofstede和Mooij de Marieke认为,忽视文化的影响,导致许多公司转向运营和集中营销,因此盈利能力下降,而不是效率提高。集中控制系统缺乏地方敏感性,因此一些大型跨国公司的利润下降。
2: Literature review:文献综述
2.1: What is culture?什么是文化?
It is a difficult proposition when it comes to defining a culture. Different Authors have their own differing opinions and views on what exactly is involved in culture. Hofstede defines culture as mentioned below.
当涉及到定义一种文化时,这是一个困难的命题。不同的作者对文化究竟涉及到什么有自己不同的见解和看法。霍夫斯泰德对文化的定义如下。
“collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from those of another” (Hofstede, 1994, p. 5).
“将一组或一类人的成员与另一组或另一类人区分开来的心理集体规划”
2.2: Importance of culture for multinational companies:文化对跨国公司的重要性
The condition to understand the cultures of foreign countries has become essential, as more and more companies are expanding their setups internationally. If a firm does not manage with the cultural changes where it is operating, it has very low chance of selling its products in that area specific. A Product’s perception and use is influenced by the cultural rules and values that product has. Thus, culture should be understood befor