INTRODUCTION介绍
Motivation of the Present当前动机
作者交替解释是最重要的解释形式之一。它在越来越多的领域中扮演着越来越重要的角色。20世纪以来，由于战争、协定、国际会议等原因，各国之间的交流不断加强，对口译员的需求不断增加，口译事业得到了飞速发展。口译词也有了很大的发展。专业口译在1919年巴黎和会上为世界所熟知，并在不同的场合被广泛应用（鲍，2011）。然而，与笔译相比，口译的研究相对滞后。而在口译研究中，目前的研究主要是基于口译技巧和方法论的。对交替传译工作机制的研究较少，基于表层研究的理论，例如CI技巧的研究，由于很难涵盖各种问题的根源，只能帮助解决某种类型的问题。一旦存在任何问题的变化，基于表面研究的理论就不能再起到帮助作用了。因此，为了找到研究的基本方法，重要的是找出一种更适用的理论，能够解释大多数连续解释的现象。虽然口译是一种以语言为基础的活动，但是仅仅研究语言并不能解释交替传译活动中的各种现象。但在CI，实际上是通过口头演讲，参与者互相交流。尽管语言是一个人人都能分享的系统，但个人演讲却各不相同。正如索绪尔所言，语言与言语不同。“通过区分语言本身和演讲，我们在同一时间区分（1）什么是社会与个人；（2）什么是本质与附属，或多或少是偶然的”（索绪尔和赖德林格尔1983：30，31）。演讲不同于人们，但语言、演讲的主题和演讲的机制是一样的。神经语言学被认为是研究语言与大脑的关系以及语言在大脑中的习得、产生和理解的一种跨学科的方法。必须研究口译过程，提高口译的最终质量，因为口译过程是口译过程的结果。结果中的每一个细微的细节都可以在解释过程的某一点上被追溯和放大。而且通过清楚地了解解释过程，我们更容易推断出某些解释结果背后的原因。由于上面列出的原因，作者试图研究这个过程。从神经语言学的角度看交替传译。
AuthorConsecutive interpretation is one of the most important forms of interpretation. Itplays a more and more important role in a growing number of fields. Ever since the20th century, the communication between different countries has been intensified dueto wars, agreements and international conferences, etc. And therefore the demand forinterpreters has increased, resulting in the rapid development of interpretation. CI alsohas made a great development. Professional interpretation became known to the worldon Paris Peace Conference in 1919 and then was widely applied on differentoccasions (Bao，2011). However, the study of interpretation has fallen behindcompared with that of written translation. And within the study of interpretation,current studies are mainly based on interpretation skills and methodologies. The studyof the working mechanism of consecutive interpretation has drawn less attention.Theories based on the research on the surface, for example research of CI skills, canonly help resolve problems of a certain type because it is hard for these theories toembrace the origins of various problems. Once there are any problem variations,theories based on the research on the surface are not able to help any more. Thereforein order to find a fundamental way for research, it is important to figure out a moreapplicable theory that is able to account for most of the phenomena in consecutiveinterpretation. Although interpretation is a type of activity based on language, merelystudying the language cannot explain the various phenomena in consecutiveinterpretation activities. But in CI, it is actually through verbal speeches thatparticipants communicate with each other. Although language is a system that all thespeakers share, personal speeches vary. As Saussure claimed, language is differentfrom speech. “By distinguishing between language itself and speeches，we are at thesame time separating (1) what is social from what is individual; and (2) what isessential from what is accessory and more or less accidental" (Saussure & Riedlinger1983:30,31). Speeches are different from people to people, but the subject of languageor speeches and the mechanism of speeches are identical. Thus the fundamentalmethod is to study humans and the relation between humans and language.Neurolinguistics is regarded as such a type of interdisciplinary approach thatstudies the relation between language and brain and how language is acquired,produced and understood in brain.Besides, it is necessary to study the process of interpretation to improve the finalquality of interpretation because interpretation results from the process. Every littledetail in a result can be traced back and magnified at a certain point in the process.And by clearly knowing the interpretation process, it is easier for us to deduce thereason behind certain interpretation results.For the reasons listed above, the author has tried to study the process ofconsecutive interpretation from the perspective of neurolinguistics.
Significance and Objectives of the Thesis论文的意义和目标Neurolinguistics is a much more different discipline from traditional linguistics.It not only relies on the development of theory but also depends on
