随着一年一季的英国毕业季的到来,又有一批新的留学生们即将为自己的学业画上一个句号,之后要么踏上崭新的职场生涯,要么继续深造考取更高的学历资质。但是在此之前呢,有一样学业事项是无论如何都要完成的,那就是毕业论文Dissertation。我们也成功辅导了很多英国留学生朋友顺利交上了理想的毕业论文,从他们中相当一部分的同学的反馈来说,普遍对于英国毕业论文methodology怎么写感到异常棘手。
Methodology中文的直译就是方法学、方法论,学术名如Sociological Methodology社会学方法、Survey Methodology调查方法等,通俗来讲就是research paper:即你这篇毕业论文用的是什么(研究)方法、用该类研究方法的原因是什么、以及如何来开展这项研究方法。英国毕业论文dissertation的篇幅是比较长的,其中都会对methodology有要求,只是毕业论文根据不同的专业不同的研究主体方向,所使用的methodology也不一样的,但万变不离其宗,都是借助方法论这个固有部分来向老师等阅者传递自己所用的具体论文研究方法、以及怎么通过该方法来实现的最终研究。
具体英国毕业论文methodology到底应该怎么写呢?那么我们下面就来详细分享一些心得经验。
1.说明研究中的样本:
你需要定义你在这个部分研究中涉及到的参与人或样本。然后你需要说明试验中有多少人或多少样本,以及你是如何选择他们的。举例说明:'The population considered for this study is defined is the number of OPD patients who have made a purchase from the hospital pharmacy during the time frame of this sampling.'你可以简单用一句话介绍试验中参与者,但是当你提到样本选择的时候,这个时候你需要详细说明你是如何选择这些样本的,包括时间、地点、名称以及样本数量。不要遗漏一些细节,因为你需要将他们展示给你的读者。
2.研究工具:
在这部分,你要解释研究中的计算、使用技术、流程、使用设备等,这些都是在你研究中应用的。如果你进行调研,那么你要解释如何做,什么时候做,以及你为什么要进行这项调研。如果你是用的别人的调研成果,你需要正确的引用(你需要在附录部分有个copy,同时在声明中说明)。
3.研究的时间和流程:
时间和流程也是methodology中重要部分。你要说明你进行研究的开始和结束时间,以及你进行研究所遵循的流程步骤,比如,你将参与者志愿书发放到他们手中,并把相关说明分发给参与者等等.
4.研究数据分析:
现在是methodology最重要的部分了——详细分析你搜集来的数据资料。你需要回到你研究中提出的每个问题。你需要进行统计检验,特别是检验那些帮助区分实验数据中的独立和非独立变量的因子。你也可以说明一下帮助你得出分析结论用到的软件。
5.评估:
这部分需要就你研究中用到的一些方法,例如调研,需要证明它的效度以及可靠性。效度这部分需要包括调研的表面效度、涵盖主题的内容效度以及调研中用到理论的构念效度。可靠性是指你研究结果在一定期间内的稳定性。如果你的调研包括一条容易导致随机错误发生的衡量标准,那么你的调研结果就失去了可靠性。
6.假设Assumptions:
写你的dissertation时候都需要在文章开始进行假设提出.你需要分别说明每个假设对你所要研究问题的支持。
7.研究局限性和改进Limitations and Scope:
研究局限性和改进是每篇研究性文章基本构成部分。scope就是指研究可以被改进程度;limitations指的是时间限制、样本限制等。一旦这些限制得到解决,那么当前的研究质量可能要下降很多。
附上一篇英国毕业论文Methodology范文,可以参照一下怎么写:
Experiences of Black Women with a Social Work PhD
Research Methods
This chapter will describe the research design and methodology used to understand the experiences of Black women who have earned their Ph.D. in social work. The first part of this chapter will provide an explanation and rationale for the use of qualitative phenomenological research methods as well as discuss constructs that provide context when describing the phenomenon including describing the sampling, approach, size, and composition. The second half of this chapter will discuss the data collection and analysis of the steps taken to demonstrate trustworthiness. Lastly, this chapter will close with a discussion regarding the ethical considerations when engaging in research involving human subjects.
Study Design and Research Method
This section will describe the use of qualitative research design and phenomenological research method which captures the lived experience of study participants. It will also discuss bracketing and the constructs used for the study.
Qualitative research methods. As part of a marginalized group, Black women’s experiences are often framed around the intersection of racism, sexism, and classism (Pierce, 2011). Qualitative methods provide an opportunity to explore how some social work doctoral programs provide support for Black women, and whether or not the supports offered was beneficial for the participants in this study. Qualitative research is holistic, inductive, and naturalistic (Patton, 1980). It is supported by the constructivist paradigm and portrays the world where reality is socially created by the participants in social settings (Glesne, 1999). Qualitative research deals with multiple, ideas and realities that are complex, in which the goal is to understand and interpret how various participants in a social setting construct the world around them (Glesne, 1999). As noted in an earlier chapter, Black women’s experiences are often overlooked or combined with Black men or all women (Collins, 2000 and Castro, Garcia, Cavazos Jr. & Castro, 2011). This often minimizes the experiences that Black women have as a double minority because combining their experiences with black men or all women do not fully acknowledge the Black woman’s intersecting identities. Qualitative research provides Black women the space to di