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德国本科留学生thesis:跨文化对组织文化的影响The impact of intercultural on organizational cultures

日期:2018年01月26日 编辑:ad201011251832581685 作者:无忧论文网 点击次数:2085
论文价格:免费 论文编号:lw201709041533055220 论文字数:9878 所属栏目:留学生毕业论文
论文地区:德国 论文语种:English 论文用途:本科毕业论文 BA Thesis
1. Introduction介绍

Problems: 文化的差异给企业文化带来很大的不同影响, 这个世界上有很多种不同的文化,人们来自不同的地方有着不同的文化背景,所以他们有着不同的历史巨大的文化差异背景该怎么做,怎么改变公司的营销策略和销售方根源和价值观。随着全球经济一体化的发展,各国的经济关系日益紧密,很多跨国公司中有着来自不同世界的人们,文化间的差异冲突越来越明显,比如西方和中方的文化有着很大的差异。文化是一个非常广泛的概念,给它下一个严格和精确的定义是一件非常困难的事情。不少哲学家、 社会学家、 人类学家、历史学家和语言学家一直努力,试图从各自学科的角度来界定文化的概念。正因为文化背景的不同,所以对企业文化造成了不同的影响。 不同文化的国家对其企业文化就存在巨大的差异,比如管理理念, 思维方式,决策方式,基本价值观等,而随着世界的发展,不同企业间的合作日益剧增,很多西方公司进入亚洲市场,他们要适应亚洲市场,就要做出一些巨大的改变,所以研究不同文化间的差异对企业的发展是至关重要的。比如两个不同文化背景的公司他们成功的背后也有着不同的企业文化和实现目标的方式。

Objects:我选这个论文是因为在世界经济一体化的社会,不同文化间的碰撞和冲突越来越多,此文我会就什么是文化,并通过霍夫斯坦德的五个文化维度,特洛慕斯对文化差异的观点来阐述不同文化的差异,以及通过沙因对组织文化的分类和七种不同的组织文化,更清楚的了解不同组织文化的特点,更好的了解文化间的差异对组织文化作出的不同影响,并进行例子的分析,分析文化差异的产生和怎么更好的解决文化差异的不同给组织带来的影响和怎么来改变一个组织的文化来适应不同的市场,例如当一个美国公司进入亚洲市场,所面临的式来适应一个新的市场,让人们去接受它,融入当地市场并取得最后的成功。

2. The Definition of Culture 文化定义


“Culture is the way in which a group of people solves problems and 
reconciles dilemmas”.(Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner, 1997.page 6) 
Culture is a wide range concept because culture involves a lot of things in the society. Culture only exists in our mind,which is the whole life of human community, the human groups to create and share their material entity, value ideas, the meaning system and the way of behavior.
Culture is a kind of social phenomenon and a product created by people in a long run. In the meantime, it is also a sort of historical phenomenon and the sediment of the society and history. To be specific, culture refers to the history, geography, local conditions, traditional customs,life patterns, literary art, code of conduct, mode of thinking and view of value for a country or a nationality.
Edward B Tylor(1987),the British cultural anthropologist, who defined the culture in his book, called《primitive culture》published in 1871. Tylor defined culture in his book like "complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.” (Tylor, 1871,page1) 
A famous Chinese writer Ji xian lin(1911) said that there are more than five hundreds  definitions of the culture in the word. So the culture is a wide range concept(Zhou De Hai.2003,Vol5) 
Culture distinction, Marxist theoretician made a new interpretation of culture, the culture is divided into two category: broad sense and narrow sense. The broad culture means the sum of material wealth and spiritual wealth created by human in the social and historical development process and it particularly refers to social ideology. In the class society, culture is a weapon for class struggle. In general, the broad culture focuses on the essential differences between human and ordinary animals as well as the human society and the natural world. It stresses on human’s unique survival mode beyond the natural limitations. As it covers extensive range, it is also called large culture. Culture is a kind of biological phenomenon which did not belong to human initially. Therefore, people shall hold more open and tolerant attitude to interpret culture. In other worlds, culture is a life-derived phenomenon with humanity meaning or life significance, which is inherent. The languages and behaviors of many other creatures are all equipped with the inborn cultural attribute. However, human would rather call them instincts so as to show its dignity perhaps. On the contrary, the narrow culture, on the other hand, excludes the parts of material creative activities and the results in human social historical life, but focuses on the spiritual creative activities and the results. Hence, it mainly means mental culture and is also called small culture. That is, culture is a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. (Brooks Peterson, 2004).

3.Intercultural Researches and Models 跨文化研究与模式


In this chapter, I will analyze the intercultural differences based on the the Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions