操纵理论视角下的中国儿童文学译介——以曹文轩作品为例

本文是一篇英语语言学论文，中国政府自1949年成立以来，在国际舞台上大力传播中华文化，塑造健康的中国形象。早期的成果包括：中国国际出版集团推出的英、法汉语文学介绍项目，熊猫图书输出中文图书，将一批作家的名字带到150多个国家和地区，等等。尽管回馈平平，但输出中国文化的努力从未停止。2002年以来，中国政府启动了“中华文化走出去”战略和“中国图书国际倡议”，鼓励国内各出版社向海外输出包括少儿读物在内的优秀中国文学作品。从那时起，专门从事汉语图书的中国出版商频繁出现，并在意大利博洛尼亚书展、德国法兰克福书展、英国伦敦书展等国际书展上更加活跃。在国家的大力支持、国家出版社的大力支持和积极的国际文化交流环境下，越来越多优秀的当代中国华文文学作品及其作者跨越国界，出现了多种语言的多版本、受众广泛的局面，如曹文轩的纯文学、秦文君的校园故事、沈诗诗的动物小说等。

Chapter One Literature Review

1.1 Previous Studies on the Translation of Children’s Literature

1.1.1 Studies Abroad

The  question  of  what  is  children’s  literature  is  the  first  step  to  any  discussion about  the  translation  of  it.  Defining  ChL,  however,  is  not  easy.  Generally  speaking, there is still no universal definition for ChL due to its unique features. Firstly, ChL is centered  around  its  special  target  readers—children  and  requires  literary  qualities  as other  literary  genres  do.  Secondly,  though  written  and  produced  for  children,  ChL books  are  created,  edited,  chosen  and  purchased  by  the  adults.  Lastly,  due  to  its manifold functions, ChL can be used as a tool to simply educate or entertain its target readers or do both at the same time. With all the concerned above, views on how to define  ChL  vary  from  individual  to  individual.  Historian  of  ChL,  F.J.  Harvy  Darton (Hunt,  2004,  p.58)  takes  ChL  as  printed  productions  that  please  children, differentiating from those didactic ones. While stressing the readability of ChL, Ritta Oittinen,  a  Finnish  translator  of  ChL,  defines  ChL  as  “literature  produced  and intended for children” (Coillie, 2006, p.35) and the kind of literature that can be “read silently by children and aloud to children” (Oittinen, 2000, p.4). Therefore, in a broad sense,  all  literary  works  written  originally  for  children  can  be  called  Children’s Literature. 

............................

1.2  Previous  Studies  on  the  Translation  of  Cao  Wenxuan’s Works

The  author  has  searched  the  keywords  “Cao Wenxuan”, “Helen  Wang” and  the studies  of  Cao’s  translated  works  abroad  on  the  Internet  only  to  find  several  reports and interviews of the translator. Yet things are quite different at home. Actually, before the success of the English translation of Bronze and Sunflower, Cao’s another piece of works  The  Straw  House  has  been  published  abroad  much  earlier  but  received  little attention. Among the scanty papers, Zhang Shufang (2017) and Pan Wenchen (2015)choose The Straw House to study its poetic translation and the loss of childish delight. Supported  by  the  rivalry  theory,  Zhang  Shufang  analyzes  the  reproduction  of  the original poetic beauty in the target text by probing into three elements: the children’s innocence,  aesthetics  and  other  unique  elements  in  the  translation.  Pan  Wenchen concentrates on the transplantation and creation of childish delight in the translation. By  the  analysis  of  the  translation  of  nursery  rhymes  and  onomatopoeic  words,  she concludes  that  the  loss  of  childish&nb