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《微物之神》中边缘人物的解辖域化研究

日期:2021年01月08日 编辑:ad201107111759308692 作者:无忧论文网 点击次数:1383
论文价格:300元/篇 论文编号:lw202101061104196794 论文字数:36966 所属栏目:英语语言学论文
论文地区:中国 论文语种:English 论文用途:硕士毕业论文 Master Thesis
本文是一篇英语语言学论文,《小物之神》以其诗意的叙事、“意识流”的结构和深刻而现实的隐喻而备受关注。通过对语言的掌握,罗伊对Ipe家庭中小东西日常生活的描写,审视了20世纪60年代独立初期艰难过渡时期的印度社会,生动地展示了父权制、种姓制度,后殖民主义和资本主义全球化交织在一起。在《小东西之神》中,罗伊通过描绘被忽视和卑微的事物,如阿木、维卢塔和特温,召唤和引导普通人挖掘精神力量,争取社会的自由和平等,揭示了印度的弊端。


Chapter One The Confinement of the Social System


1.1Ammu’s Aphasia in Ipe Patriarchal Household

Deleuze divides the social machines in accordance with its social form into its counterpart: the primitive territorial machine, the barbarian despotic machine, and thecivilized capitalist machine, which Deleuze calls the “prime function” in his view.The “prime function” is an imaginary plane that normalizes the process of socialproduction by controlling and regulating the flows in society. Deleuze writes that:“the prime function incumbent upon the socius, has always been to codify the flowsof desire, to inscribe them, to record them, to see to it that no flow exists that is notproperty dammed up”(Anti-Oedipus 33). No matter in which social stage, in order topreserve interests and stability, the corresponding state machinery will alwaysexercise varying degrees of repression and control over the population in an attemptto tame it as the guardian of the power system. These three social machines coexistedin India after independence due to deep-rooted Hinduism, incomplete institutionalreforms, British intervention, and the onslaught of capitalist globalization.

The first category of the state machine is the “primitive territorial machine,”which uses the earth to manage human desires and the production of those desires.Following Deleuze, the primitive territorial machine is called “primitive” not only forthe reason that the primitive coding it implemented but also because it is thefoundation of human culture. It “takes tribes or families as connecting ties and limitsindividuals to families or in-laws” (Cui Zengbao 106). Throughout history, it is notdifficult to find that the presence of women embodies the characteristics of the“primitive territorial machine,” issued as part of the patriarchal power and as abargaining chip for the consolidation of family status and profit. As mentioned inAnti-Oedipus, “filiation is administrative and hierarchical, but the alliance is politicaland economic”(Deleuze 146).

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1.2 Velutha’s Segregation in Kerala Caste System

India is a typical country where religion and caste prevail. Few countries in theworld attach more importance to religion and caste than India. Some even argue that“without religion and the caste system, there would be no history and society ofIndia” (Chen Fengjun 13). The caste system occupies a prominent position in India’straditional value system. After thousands of years of development, it has formed acomplete system that regulates social relations. “Society is based on the caste systemand consists of four levels, namely Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, and Shudra”(WangShuying 36). Moreover, a closed circle is formed through stringent regulations on life,occupation, diet, and communication between different castes.

Dalit, otherwise recognized as “untouchable,” is subjected to variousdiscrimination in economic, political, religious, and social. In the past, Dalit had noright to touch anything else that was non-untouchable. They could not walk on theroad, get dressed, took an umbrella, and even had to cover their hands to avoidcontaminating the speakers. Their thorny situation and cruel treatment areunprecedented in other countries. Subsequently, British colonial rule brings aninevitable impact on the Indian caste system. Various caste groups in cities arebeginning to change their hereditary professions, making the policy of socialsegregation of Dalits untenable. Some of them join the Anglican church to enhancetheir status and enjoy certain rights and interests. However, after India’s independence,Britain exploits India’s entrenched caste system for its benefit, making the situation ofthe untouchables worse and worse. “Since times immemorial, they have beensuffe