tegy – which concentrates on particular market segment(s) seems most applicable to SMEs.(Jane & Paul, 2006; pg 28)
人们早就认识到，今天的一些小企业将成长为明天的主要企业机构。因此，人们越来越关注中小企业，并敦促政府“采取有力和深思熟虑的行动，加快小企业的发展”，因为中小企业在一个国家的经济发展中发挥着关键作用。在当前的竞争环境下，中小企业面临着来自拥有丰富资源和更广泛网络的更大竞争对手的激烈竞争。中小企业的生存和发展取决于制定有效的经营战略。有效的业务和竞争战略也有助于中小企业在市场份额和客户群方面的发展。但是，为了使战略取得成功，组织的战略和组织内部发生的过程之间应该保持一致。中小企业往往被简单地视为公司的小版本，因此，它们被赋予了与大公司相同的战略处方。因此，这种商业战略对中小企业的适用性令人怀疑，中小企业的主要障碍是资源限制。最适合中小企业成长的商业战略是Porter提出的三种通用战略之一。波特倡导的利基战略专注于针对特定细分市场，并只迎合该特定细分市场的客户。Kotler随后通过在利基市场中应用定位的概念，为波特的利基战略添加了内容。似乎只有专注于特定细分市场的重点或小规模战略似乎最适用于中小企业。
Chosen business strategy depends on various internal and external factors. Internal factors relate to the resources available to the enterprise (the research intends to examine the importance of resources and the affect resource constraints has on the business strategy), objectives of the enterprise, inherent structure of the organization and the organization culture. External factors relate to competition (both from rivals and large enterprises), industry sector in which the organization operates, economic climate, strength of the enterprise and the strategic direction it wants to take.
选择商业战略取决于各种内部和外部因素。内部因素涉及企业可用的资源（本研究旨在考察资源的重要性以及资源约束对企业战略的影响）、企业目标、组织的固有结构和组织文化。外部因素与竞争（来自竞争对手和大型企业）、组织运营所在的行业、经济环境、企业实力及其想要采取的战略方向有关。
Irrespective of which business strategy the SME implements, it has been brought forward by researchers that business strategy can impact on SMEs in various ways. A successful internal growth strategy (predominantly through internal development) can help to increase the customer base and turnover. Especially, with many SMEs looking to go global, growth strategy plays an even more crucial role. Growth strategy can also relate to external growth from acquisition, mergers and joint ventures with other SMEs. Business strategy can also help SMEs increase the scope of the market they cater to, increase the variety of customers that form their customer base, their geographic range and the number of products SMEs have on offer. (Bert, 1994) Business strategies can also help the SMEs innovate by conquering new product-market combinations.
研究人员提出，无论中小企业实施哪种经营战略，经营战略都会以各种方式影响中小企业。成功的内部增长战略（主要通过内部发展）可以帮助增加客户群和营业额。特别是，随着许多中小企业寻求走向全球，增长战略发挥着更为关键的作用。增长战略还可以与收购、合并以及与其他中小企业的合资企业带来的外部增长有关。商业战略还可以帮助中小企业扩大其所服务的市场范围，增加构成其客户群的客户种类、地理范围和中小企业提供的产品数量。商业战略也可以通过征服新的产品市场组合来帮助中小企业进行创新。
It is worth pointing out, that SMEs, today, face stiff competition from large businesses and before deciding on the business strategy and its impact on the functioning of SME, the SMEs have to establish a starting point to address the whole gamut of issues affecting
值得指出的是，如今，中小企业面临着来自大企业的激烈竞争，在决定商业战略及其对中小企业运作的影响之前，中小企业必须建立一个起点来解决影响
it (competition, margins, pricing, budgets, structure, staffing, legislative influence, diversification pressure, business relationships, CRM, quality control, technology). It is imperative for every business to know exactly where it stands. (Lee et al., 2001; pg 145) The economic downturn has forced many SMEs towards value-based competition. While SMEs might often be able to offer better quality and greater customer tailoring than larger enterprises, a demand for quality as the deciding purchase-factor has dropped away, whereas demand for lower price points has risen. (Lu, 2006; pg 529) This might mean that Porter’s niche strategy mentioned above may not be as effective as a price based strategy.
它（竞争、利润、定价、预算、结构、人员配置、立法影响力、多元化压力、业务关系、CRM、质量控制、技术）。每个企业都必须清楚自己的处境。经济衰退迫使许多中小企业走向基于价值的竞争。虽然中小企业通常能够比大型企业提供更好的质量和更大的客户定制，但对质量作为决定性购买因素的需求已经下降，而对较低价位的需求却有所上升。这可能意味着波特的上述利基策略可能不如基于价格的策略有效。
The business strategy of an SME depends on what its objectives are. It can impact on growth and stabilization to influence company’s development responding to external competitive advantages and internal strength. When a company pursues a strategy of stability, it passively protects its current market share to be in able to seize favorable opportunities in the future. (Lu, 2005; pg 682) When it pursues
