fferent from their normal client base. To effectively serve these clients, nonprofits quite often must hire additional or more qualified staff which brings increased salary expenses that may or may not be reimbursed by the government.
尽管公共/政府资助是许多非营利组织的核心，但包括Frumkin、Rushton和Brooks在内的几位研究人员已经探讨了这些非营利组织对政府资助的依赖性，这是一个有争议的主题。Frumkin、Rushton和Brooks进行的研究引起了人们的担忧，即政府资助有损于服务体系中非营利组织的独特目的，因此“造成了不适当的问责关系，并导致了专业自主权的丧失”。根据Smith和Lipsky的说法，政府与非营利部门的关系持续紧张，因为“政府需要确保税收支出的公平性和问责制，而非营利组织强调满足客户需求的响应性和灵活性。Smith和Lipsky的另一项研究解释说，接受政府资助通常需要非营利组织同意为不同于其正常客户群的客户提供服务。为了有效地为这些客户服务，非营利组织通常必须雇佣更多或更合格的员工，这会增加工资支出，政府可能会报销，也可能不会报销。
Due to the labor -intensive compliance work that accompanies some forms of public support, nonprofit costs may increase under government funding (Frumkin & Kim, 2002, p. 3). With this said, a substantial amount of time must be dedicated to reporting and accounting to maintain compliance. As a result, many larger nonprofits have staff available for the sole purpose of soliciting, managing, and reporting on the use of government grants and contracts. With the additional fiscal and accounting requirements, the management practices of nonprofit organizations are affected and require adjustments in order to secure and keep public contracts (Frumkin & Kim, 2002, p. 4). The increased demands and management adjustments have led some nonprofit managers to view public/government funding in a negative manner. A study of nonprofit managers conducted by Gronbjer (as cited in Frumkin & Kim, 2002) found that managers rated government funding as “more burdensome, less related to mission, and more expensive to maintain than all other funding sources, including private contributions, foundation and corporate grants, and earned income” (p. 4).
由于伴随着某些形式的公共支持而来的劳动密集型合规工作，在政府资助下，非营利组织的成本可能会增加。话虽如此，必须将大量时间用于报告和会计，以保持合规性。因此，许多大型非营利组织都有员工，他们的唯一目的是征求、管理和报告政府拨款和合同的使用情况。随着额外的财政和会计要求，非营利组织的管理实践受到影响，需要进行调整，以确保和保持公共合同。需求的增加和管理层的调整导致一些非营利组织管理者对公共/政府资金持负面看法。Gronbjer对非营利管理人员进行的一项研究发现，管理人员认为政府资金“比所有其他资金来源，包括私人捐款、基金会和企业赠款以及收入，更繁重、与使命的关系更小、维护成本更高”。
An Assessment of the Arguments 争论的评估
public/government versus private funds as a primary source of revenue streams for nonprofit organizations. Although “government funding clearly imposes administrative costs on nonprofit organizations, the impact of government funding may need to be understood within the context of a two-way relationship” (Frumkin & Kim, 2002, p. 7). In a study conducted by Saidel (as Frumkin & Kim, 2002, p. 7) findings indicated that virtually identical degrees of resource dependence on each other were shown by both nonprofits and public/government agencies. Lecy and Van Slyke (2012) have described the relationship between the government and the nonprofit sector as one that “evolves in an interdependent way. Governments benefit from stable relationships with nonprofits because risk is managed, goods are produced, and service delivered” (p. 206).
公共/政府与私人基金作为非营利组织收入流的主要来源。尽管“政府资助显然会给非营利组织带来行政成本，但政府资助的影响可能需要在双向关系的背景下理解”。在Saidel进行的一项研究中，研究结果表明，非营利组织和公共/政府机构对资源的依赖程度几乎相同。Lecy和Van Slyke将政府和非营利部门之间的关系描述为“以相互依存的方式发展。政府从与非营利组织的稳定关系中受益，因为风险得到了管理，商品得以生产，服务得以提供”。
Regardless of the literature that has argued or suggested that public/government funding has a weakening effect on the nonprofits’ ability to operate efficiently, there is substantial research that suggests otherwise. Some research has argued that the utilization of public/government funds has allowed nonprofit organizations to expand their operations and achieve greater levels of operational efficiency and improved effectiveness. Furthermore, some researchers have recognized that a mutually advantageous partnership between nonprofit organization and the public/government sector is possible because public funding creates the necessary conditions for this opportunity (Frumkin & Kim, 2002, p. 8).
尽管有文献认为或暗示公共/政府资助会削弱非营利组织的有效运营能力，但有大量研究表明情况并非如此。本篇留学生作业通过一些研究认为，公共/政府资金的使用使非营利组织能够扩大业务，提高运营效率和效率。此外，一些研究人员已经认识到，非营利组织和公共/政府部门之间的互利伙伴关系是可能的，因为公共资金为这
