Critical Review ofPorter's Five Forces Model对波特五力模型的批判性回顾
波特的五种力量模型在20世纪80年代早期由迈克尔·波特提出，它认为产业决定了竞争规模的存在和程度，五种力量共同影响了产业的吸引力。五种力量分别是进入壁垒、替代品威胁、议价能力、竞争买家、卖家和现有竞争对手的议价能力。
波特的五种力量模型作为行业存在于确定五种力量的竞争规模和程度，这五种力量共同影响着该行业的吸引力。五种力量是进入壁垒，替代品威胁，讨价还价能力竞争买家，卖方和现有竞争对手的议价能力。
1.进展回顾波特五力模型的应用
波特五力模型已广泛应用于建筑，教育培训，旅游，食品工业，工业和银行等多个领域，充分发挥其产业结构分析的作用，使管理者了解行业竞争环境和给予指导的条件，帮助他们做出更好的战略决策。
Porter's Five Forces Model, in the early 1980s, proposed by Michael Porter, it believes the industry determine the existence and extent of competition scale five forces, which together five forces affecting the attractiveness of the industry. Five forces are barriers to entry, threat of substitutes, bargaining power competitive buyer, seller and the bargaining power of existing competitors.
Porter's five forces model as the industry exists in determining competitive scale and extent of the five forces, which together five forces affecting the attractiveness of the industry. Five forces are barriers to entry, threat of substitutes, bargaining power competitive buyer, seller and the bargaining power of existing competitors.
1.Progress Review of the application of Porter's five forces model
Porter's five forces model has been widely used in many fields such as construction, education and training, tourism, food industry, industrial and banking sectors, give full play to the role of its industrial structure analysis, for managers to understand the industry competitive environment and conditions given guidance to help them make better strategic decisions.
Wang Xiaohui (2011) sets five forces model as an analytical framework will be applied to carry out war games and applications through case come as the industry's five forces model analysis tool in the analysis of companies in the industry recognize the environment on the basis of enterprise applications easy to develop laws of war games action strategies.
Han C / Porterfield T / Li X (2012) make an application of Porter's five forces model and value chain theory, through empirical study to explore the structural factors in the case of industrial manufacturers outsourcing affect contract manufacturing.
Oraman Y / Azabagaoglu MO / Inan IH (2011) evaluate the competitiveness of Turkish industry FMCG sector of the food industry with the five forces model, and considers five forces model is an excellent test industry profitability analysis tools.
Rajasekar J /Ai Raee M(2013) use five forces model, the Sultanate of Oman telecom industry structure analysis, and identify alternatives to the threat of competition and the industry produced between competitors is its most important competitive factors.
On the basis of criticism on the five forces model defects, some scholars have proposed methods to improvement.
GrundyT (2006) considers five forces model should be seen as a dynamic system with high intrinsic relevance, he detailed analysis of the relationship between a child and its affiliated five forces between the forces, and pointed out the need to break the previous five force model is divided into five parts, to be a static analysis of each concept, think of it as an organic whole.
Lee H / Kim MS / Park Y (2012) pointed out that Porter's five forces model is the core of strategic management, but in practice has been the lack of scholars and practice managers to its attention. He believes that the biggest drawback of the five forces model is difficult to implement in practice, and pointed out that it should be regarded as a complex system consisting of five sub-factors interrelated factors constitute its subsidiary, and then based on the correlation between the factors Sort by ANP evaluated. The ANP and his first five forces model combines five forces model to a new idea of improvement.
2.Progress Review of itsown shortcomingsand improvement of Porter's five forces model
Porter's five forces model is also related to the presence of defects,
Yang Qing song and Li Ming sheng (2005) say, Porter's five forces model is still the ente
