萃取法处理油泥砂(附答辩文稿)

摘要 萃取是一种使油泥砂油、泥分离的新方法，它具有除油效果好，可对油泥砂中的油进行在回收，不产生二次污染、萃取剂再生后可循环使用等优点。本文结合国内外对油泥砂处理的各种技术，介绍了此次实验使用的萃取法的原理、实验流程、实验条件，对有关问题进行了分析和探讨。实验结果表明，当油泥砂G：煤油L：采油废水V=1：4：8～1：6：12时，搅拌时间t1=40min、振荡时间t2=20～30min时，油泥砂萃取情况较好，当油泥砂G：煤油L=1：2时，原油在煤油中基本达到饱和。二级、三级各周期得到的油泥砂含油率都小于1%，达到了预期效果。通过理论分析可知：工艺二级三周期和三级四周期的分配比（D）分别为1.906和1.574；参数研究部分的平均分配比D为0.3393，当需萃取后固体的含油率低于1%时，必须使其相比为28.5464（2级）、12.7174（3级）。 [关键词]：萃取、油泥砂、参数、工艺 The Disposal of Oily Sludge by Extraction Abstract Extraction is a new method of desposing Oil-sludge, which has many strongpoints : its desposal effect is fine ; it can reclaim crude oil;it won’t bring the second pollution;the medicament can be cycled. The text introduce the present disposal condition of the domestic and international’s and the theory,experiment process and experiment condition .then, the pursuer make some analysis and discuss. The result is:when the proportion of the oily sludge, the kerosene and the waste water of oil extraction equals to 1：4：8～1：6：12,the time of mix—round equals to 40 min, the time of vibrancy equals to 20～30min,the extraction effect is good; when the proportion of the oily sludge and the kerosene is 1：2, crude oil reaches saturation. the percent of the crude oil in the extracted solid can be less than 1% after the 2-level extraction and 3-level extraction,which is attain goal of 1%.after the theoretic analysis,it can be seen that D equals to 1.906(when n is 2), 1.574(when n is 3);in the part of Parameter mensuration,D equals to 0.3393.when it is demanded that the percent of the crude oil in the extracted solid is less than 1%,C must equals to 28.5464（when n is 2）、12.7174（when n is 3）. [Keywords] Extraction Oil-sludge Parameter Technics