萃取法处理油泥砂的研究(附答辩文稿)

摘要 油泥砂是油田的重要污染物。本文简介了国内外油泥砂处理现状，对萃取法处理胜利油田的油泥砂进行了实验研究：以煤油作为萃取剂测定了油泥砂萃取过程中的各项基本参数；以汽油作为萃取剂进行了2级、3级的逆流萃取工艺模拟实验研究。结果表明：当油泥砂、煤油、采油废水三相的比例为1：4：8～1：6：12、搅拌时间为40min、振荡时间为20～30min时，萃取效果较好；油泥砂与煤油的两相比例约为1：2时，原油在煤油中基本达到饱和；逆流工艺模拟实验部分，当G=10g、L=50ml时，经过2级3周期的工艺处理得到的固体含油率低于1%；G=20g、L=50ml时，经过3级4周期的工艺处理得到的固体含油率也低于1%。并在此基础上进行了综合理论分析。 [关键词]：油泥砂 萃取 基本参数 模拟实验 理论分析 Study on the Disposal of Oily Sludge by Extraction Abstract Oily sludge is the important pollutant of oilfield. This text make a brief introduction of the present disposal condition of the domestic and international’s,and study the method of extraction to dispose the oily sludge in the laboratory: the experiment used the kerosene to mensurate the basic parameters during the extraction reaction; the experiment used the gasoline to carry out the simulate experiment of countercurrent extraction.The result is:when the proportion of the oily sludge, the kerosene and the waste water of oil extraction equals to 1：4：8～1：6：12,the time of mix—round equals to 40 min, the time of vibrancy equals to 20～30min,the extraction effect is good; when the proportion of the oily sludge and the kerosene is 1：2, crude oil reaches saturation. In the simulate experiment of countercurrent extraction,when the quality of oily sludge is 10g and the volume of the gasoline is 50ml,the percent of the crude oil in the extracted solid can be less than 1% after the 2-level extraction; when the quality of oily sludge is 20g and the volume of the gasoline is 50ml,the percent of the crude oil in the extracted solid can be less than 1% after the 3-level extraction.On the basis of this,the pursuer make the theoretic analysis. [Keywords]：Oily sludge extraction basic parameter simulate experiment theoretic analysis