顺应论视角下《中国日报》新闻标题的历时研究

lysis of news headlines can mainly be divided into two types: journalistic approachand linguistic approach. In the field of journalism, news headlines are viewed asplaying an important role in news communication process, so studies in this fieldmainly concentrate on investigating the values and functions of headlines; analyzingthe rules of making headlines and how to maximize its potentials; discussing the roleof journalists and news editors. With regard to linguistic approach to the study ofEnglish news headlines, it mostly focuses on aspects such as grammatical structures,stylistics and so forth under the framework of various linguistic theories.As for studies on news headlines from journalistic approach, Evans (1974) can beregarded as the pioneer. In the book News Headlines, he makes a critical comparisonof news headlines throughout the world and demonstrates that a journalist mustemploy all the arts of compression and allusion to make immediate sense to attractreaders by telling them news. Zhu & Liu (1981) analyze English headlines’ features,including the use of midget words, noun phrases, abbreviations and so forth. Robert &Theodore (1982) lay great emphasis on how to write news headlines by concludingsome commonly-used headline languages. 
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Chapter 3．Theoretical Framework.... 14
3.1 Verschueren’sAdaptation Theory........... 14
3.2AConceptual Framework for the Present Study.....18
Chapter 4．Data Collection andAnalysis........... 21
4.1 Data Collection and Methodology..........21
4.2 Characteristics of Language Use of News Headlines...........22
4.3 Changes of News Headlines in China Daily in Three Periods....... 34
4.4 Causes of Changes.......... 40
Chapter 5. Conclusion..........46
5.1 Major Findings........46
5.2 Limitations of the Study..........48
5.3 Suggestions for Future Research.....49

Chapter 4．Data Collection and Analysis

4.1 Data Collection and Methodology

This thesis adopts both stratified investigation and sampling investigation. First, itdivides the publications of China Daily into three periods based on the differentstages and conditions of social development, namely the early period of reform andopening up, from 1981 to 1991; the middle period of reform and opening up, from1992 to 2002; and the latest period, from 2003 to 2014. Though the newspaper waspublished in 1981, the first six months were trial issues, so the data collection of thepresent study starts from 1982. Besides, it is impossible for the author to get the dataof the whole year 2014, since the commencement of the thesis should start beforeSeptember, 2014. Therefore, to ensure the consistency, the data collection of the thesisends by the year 2013. After deliberating over the materials, data collection in eachperiod starts from the second year in order to be consistent with the first period.Moreover, to clearly examine the language changes diachronically, it is important toset a time span. Though normally the time span set for diachronic studies is five years,in the present study, to ensure the number of the years in each period is the same, thetime span for each period is three years. That is to say, the extracted years of the thesisare 1982, 1985, 1988, 1990 (for the unavailability of most of the articles in 1991),1993, 1996, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2007, 2010 and 2013. Among all the six issuespublished per week, three of them are randomly chosen as the data for the presentstudy. In view of the value of diachronic studies, the thesis mainly selects newsheadlines from the front pages of China Daily, for the news on the front pages usuallycontains various kinds of content which is the most important of the