idance of teaching and their actual conditions to adjust the dietary situation, while the telephone, e-mail, etc. to pregnant women's weight and diet to track records to ensure that the data in a timely manner and reliable. Nutrition Calculator V2.5 were used for the treatment of dietary survey data. First enter the dietary survey data into the calculator, to calculate the food consumed by pregnant women contained in the energy and nutrients. And then in the excel table, enter the pregnant women profile, food intake, energy and nutrient intake, physical condition, pregnancy complications, pregnancy outcome and so on, the content and the actual analysis of the results of comparative analysis, as a test of the results. In this paper, the data were analyzed by SPSS19.0, and the t-test and chi-square test were used to test the statistical objects to measure whether there was statistically significant significance.
The results of this study show that nutrition individualized guidance can deepen the awareness of pregnant women on food nutrition, increase their understanding of nutrient intake, so that it can take the initiative to improve the diet and nutrition. In the actual effect, the role of individual nutrition guidance mainly to control the weight of pregnancy, increase the proportion of natural childbirth, reduce the risk of pregnancy complications and so on.
Key words: nutrition individualized guidance; pregnant women; nutritional status; pregnancy outcome
目 录
摘要 2
ABSTRACT 4
1.绪 论 7
1.1研究背景和目的 7
1.2研究综述 10
1.3研究对象 18
2.实验研究 20
2.1实施方法 20
2.2孕妇营养调查和数据处理 20
2.3孕妇营养个体化指导方案 20
2.4孕妇孕前及孕期体格状况 21
2.5数据处理和统计分析 22
3.结果 24
3.1研究对象一般情况比较 24
3.3个体化营养指导对孕妇妊娠结局的影响 28
4.讨论 31
4.1个体化营养指导对孕妇膳食摄入影响的分析 31
4.2个体化的营养指导对孕妇健康水平的影响 33
4.3个体化营养指导对孕期增重的意义 34
4.4个体化营养指导对新生儿出生体重的影响 35
4.5个体化营养指导对血糖、血红蛋白的影响 36
4.6个体化营养指导与胎儿分娩方式 36
4.7个体化的营养指导对两组孕妇妊娠期并发症和妊娠结局的影响 36
5.结论与建议 38
5.1结论 38
5.2建议 38
参考文献 41
致 谢 44
1.绪 论
1.1研究背景和目的
1.1.1研究背景
随着改革开放的持续推进，我国经济水平的不断提高，国民生活水平也有了较大改善，孕妇营养供给不足问题基本得以解决，这就使得由经济物质匮乏造成的孕妇营养不良问题日渐减少。但是，由于人们营养知识相对匮乏，使得在对孕妇进行营养供应的时候常常出现营养失衡情况。针对这一问题，我国不少专家、学者纷纷对孕期营养问题进行研究，调查了怀孕不同阶段的营养摄入情
