produce better fuel efficient engines, stylish at a much lower price compared to any GM brands. Thirdly, the world’s fuel price had increased to USD 120 per barrel in the market had made consumers not to purchase vehicle and using public transport or smaller vehicle. In the United States, “consumers want to abandon their less-fuel-efficient vehicles for smaller cars, and that’s illustrated by all sorts of trends, said David Tompkins, executive director of industry solutions for Edmunds.com, parent of Auto Observer” (Buss 2008).
有三个因素使通用汽车陷入这种境地。首先，美国经济没有取得进展，他们对2008年美国销售额的预测过于乐观。“通用汽车预计今年将售出超过1600万辆汽车，包括卡车和公共汽车”。其次，来自本田、日产和现代等全球竞争对手的激烈竞争，它们生产的发动机燃油效率更高，价格比任何通用汽车品牌都低得多。第三，世界燃料价格已上涨至每桶120美元，这使得消费者不再购买车辆，也不再使用公共交通工具或小型车辆。在美国，“消费者希望放弃燃油效率较低的汽车，转而购买小型汽车，这一点可以从各种趋势中得到体现，”汽车观察网的母公司Edmunds.com的行业解决方案执行董事大卫·汤普金斯说道。
1.0 Strategic Human Resource Management Theory 战略人力资源管理理论
1.1 Balance Score Card 平衡计分卡
Balance Score Card is a performance measurement indicator that can be used to measure the financial and non financial situation in General Motors. There are four parts; financial perspective, internal business perspective, customer’s perspective, learning and growth perspective. Balance Score Card is like your cars dash board where there is indicator on as you drive, you can look at the dashboard to obtain real-time information such as how fuel, speed and the distance you’ve traveled or even any faulty system etc. “It’s known to help companies and implement the changes required to meet their business goals” (Pangakar & Kirkwood, 2007). The balance score card enables the companies to develop a more comprehensive view of their operations and to better match all operating and investment activities to long- and short-term strategic objectives (Punniyamoorthy & Murali, 2008).
平衡计分卡是一种绩效衡量指标，可用于衡量通用汽车的财务和非财务状况。有四个部分：；财务视角、内部业务视角、客户视角、学习和成长视角。平衡计分卡就像你的汽车仪表板，当你开车时，仪表板上有指示灯，你可以查看仪表板以获取实时信息，如燃油、速度和行驶距离，甚至任何故障系统等。平衡计分卡使公司能够更全面地了解其运营情况，并更好地将所有运营和投资活动与长期和短期战略目标相匹配。
The loss of USD38.7 billion is a huge financial loss which in fact will affect the internal business process, the customer, and growth of GM. The huge loss was largely contributed from deferred tax charges and drop in sales. Currently, the organization financial perspective appears to the share holder is in a decline where “GM shares fell nearly 5 percent, or USD1.67, to USD34.48” (Bunkley N. 2008). Thus to manage this losses, thousands of workers are laid off from duty. This will affect their internal business process and may lead to dissatisfied customers. For example, usually General Motors takes 1 week to deliver a car to a customer. When they decided to retrench workers they will lose their competitive advantage where now it takes 2 weeks to deliver a car. This will cause dissatisfaction to consumers because they have to wait an extra week to obtain their vehicle. In the end, the learning and growth perspective cant’ be achieved because the lack of resources will disable them to compete in the turbulent environment result to decline in sales.
387亿美元的损失是一个巨大的财务损失，事实上，这将影响到GM的内部业务流程、客户和增长。巨大的损失主要是由递延税款和销售额下降造成的。目前，股东对组织财务的看法似乎正在下降，“通用汽车股价下跌近5%，或1.67美元，至34.48美元”。因此，为了管理这些损失，成千上万的工人被解雇。这将影响其内部业务流程，并可能导致客户不满意。例如，通用汽车通常需要一周的时间向客户交付一辆汽车。当他们决定裁员时，他们将失去竞争优势，现在交付一辆汽车需要两周。这将引起消费者的不满，因为他们必须多等一周才能获得车辆。最终，学习和成长的观点无法实现，因为缺乏资源将使他们无法在动荡的环境中竞争，从而导致销售额下降。
To ensure that General Motors can effectively achieve its balance score card in the future, they must handle their external environment issue concisely. They have to improve thru their internal process and learning and growth to overcome their competition issue. General Motors have to come out with new design and technology to increase the product line. Research and Development expenditure have to be spent so that they could create better vehicle then their competitors. How to create better vehicle than the competitors? This can be accomplished by purchasing the technology from their competitors or similar industry. For example Proton had acquire Lotus
