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<P>[摘　要]：Literature Review----Environmental Analysis of Electronic Commerce in China China became the second largest internet market and the biggest mobile-phone market in the world in 2002. It is estimated that with China's entry to the WTO, its c..</P> <P>Literature Review----Environmental Analysis of Electronic Commerce in China</P> <P>China became the second largest internet market and the biggest mobile-phone market in the world in 2002. It is estimated that with China's entry to the WTO, its commitments to liberalization in the telecommunication and financial services sectors will spur E-commerce development in this country. The growing popularity of telephone, the increasing number of internet users and the extensive competition in telecommunication industry are all prerequisites for E-commerce development. But they do not suggest the existence of expansion of the same pace in E-commerce. There are multiple factors that contribute to the slow development of E-commerce in China. The focus on E-commerce in China will be different from what it is in Europe and America because of the difference in traditional business models, conventional consumer behaviors, and consumer expectations. <BR>The environmental analysis of electronic commerce in China can be divided into the next seven sectors: policy and law environment, the information-based instruction of enterprises, the structure proportion of netizen, financial electronic instruction, security assurance system, human resources and e-commerce in china after the entry to WTO.</P> <P>1. Policy and law environment<BR>In general, the information-based policy in china is not complete, especially in e-commerce. The relative policies are not perfect and the corresponding laws and regulations have not been made. The coordination of across departments and regions still has problems. Those who take part in e-commerce not only include the transaction bilateral, what is more important is that it include industrial administrative management, customs, insurance, tax, banks, etc, which needs unified law and policy framework and strong coordinate organization. Only by doing like this, we can improve the development of  e-commerce in china. For example, how to solve the tax problem is one of the major problems in e-commerce. Under the environment of internet, the transaction object is invisible. Transaction is linked with cryptonym payment system without visible contract. Its process and results won’t leave any vestige as the clues for audit. And without clear tax payer and transaction number, it is to ensure that people will obey tax law. So the war between tax avoidance and anti-tax avoidance is becoming increasingly intense. In 14th,May, 1998, the tax avoidance law which had been revised for many times was passed as 41 to 0 in America senate, which pave the way for local American enterprises to develop e-commerce.  In 20th, May, America urged 132 WTO member countries to make an agreement on no tax of internet at least one year, which help the enterprises can cross their national boundaries to do international business. Nowadays, some laws, regulations and policies of e-commerce in China are being made urgently. It is estimated that these rules will come into being this year. It is also an active preparation for china’s entry to the WTO.</P> <P>2. The information-based instruction of enterprises<BR>As the main body of e-commerce, the informationization of enterprises is the basic of movement of e-commerce. At present, most of the Chinese firms are in their transformation stage,</P> <P> modern enterprise institution has not been established generally, the development of information-based enterprises is not satisfactory. Those enterprises that have top wire only account for less that 1% among all. In 15,000 big and middle enterprises, only 10% of them have good information technology. Abo