involving into a situation where he was gazedboth by the white and by the black. It is not because there is no gaze, but the babieshave no sense of being gazed. What the babies sensed from the exterior is their ownbody. Thus food, security, and comfort are all they need. Children begin to recognizethemselves mainly at the age of six when the consciousness of the Other is to be inbud through looking themselves in mirror. Lacan agrees with the idea put forward by Satre that Other plays an indispensable role in the process of gaze, and wrote:“Satre,…brings gaze into function in the dimension of the existence of Others”(Lacan 84) When realized that there is Other, the babies mimicry the Other’sbehaviors and desire for the Other’s life. When wandering by the beach, protagonistTristao truly involved into a world being gazed omnipresently and omnipotently.From then, his freedom is unconsciously and gradually being confined for he willalways find himself in visible or invisible eyesight. The intrusive eyesight made himbehave cautiously just as the white expect them to do. Thus the black endeavored toavoid the black’s nature with the intention to be similar with the white. In the chaptertwo, Tristao is invited by Isabel to her home. Outside of the apartment, there are“doormen and security guards standing erect in uniform”, which makes Tristao toodistracted and fearful to notice. At that time, people who wear the uniform and workfor the white to protect their security and wealth sharply contrast with Tristao whowears the sandy shirt saying LONE STAR, a logo of a restaurant, tatters blue rubbersandals. He is in the gaze of the guarders, and he begins to mind his behaviors anddraws protectively closer to Isabel. However, a sense of “clumsy and extraneous”still swept through his body. “Passing through this doorway, Tristao felt himself X-rayed, the razor blade in his narrow damp black trunks tingling, and also his penis, itsshrunken curve like that of a cashew”.(Updike 11)
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B. News Media: Exerting the Negative Influences on the Black’s Life
Gramsci’s cultural hegemony theory holds that civil society represented by theschool, family, church, news media and so on become the cradle of the power ofinvisible violence. In the developed capitalist country, the form of regime mainlyappears in a way of culture leadership. That is to say, the governors advocate theirown culture at anywhere and anytime. Thus the colonizers accept and approve of thatculture easily, which makes it quite easy to reach consensus among the black. It isworthy of being mentioned that the cultural hegemony is not a one-way force.Gramsci notes, however, that “common sense is not something rigid and immobile,but it is continually transforming itself”. (Hall 95)In the process of the white implementing cultural hegemony toward the black,news media exerts an indispensable influence. Owing to a scale of the developmentof communication media in 1990s, newspaper, magazine, movie turn to be anotherplace for carrying out cultural hegemony. And media intrusiveness makes itincreasingly difficult to maintain the black’s original culture. Although the slaveryhas been abolished for a long time, the prejudice and discrimination to the blacks stillexist. Contemporary colonialism is , “in a real sense, a hegemonic imperialism,exercising to a maximum degree a rationalized violence taken to higher level thanever before through fire and sword, but also through the attempt to control hearts andminds”.( Chandra 20 ) With an expanded society, media, a tool to transmit message,plays an increasingly significant role. People in the essential position dominates theintermediary, by infiltrating the value and aesthetics of white people into everyone’smind, and moulds the conduct of individual, guides their minds and affect their wayof existence. Henc
