ABSTRACT摘要
作为英国留学生中最大的一部分，90后中国留学生成为英国旅游公司在旅游细分市场中不容忽视的消费群体。本文以推拉理论、马斯洛需要层次理论和旅游职业阶梯理论为基础，运用定量和定性的研究方法，对他们的旅游动机进行了研究。本研究采用问卷调查、访谈、SPSS20.0处理、分析等方法，获得以下研究结果。
首先，90后和80后的中国学生都希望能够满足他们与放松动机相关的内外部需求。其次，在追求刺激方面，90后和80后中国学生与刺激动机相关的内在需求不强，对具有挑战性的旅游景点都不感兴趣。第三，两代中国学生对人际关系有着强烈的内在需求，具体表现在与朋友增进感情、交新朋友等方面。90后和80后的中国学生都期望能够满足他们交朋友动机的外部需求。第四，在自我发展、自我实现等高层次旅游动机中，90后中国学生的得分明显高于80后中国学生。同时，与80后相比，90后中国学生更注重满足与自我发展和自我实现有关的外部需求，这反映在他们能够欣赏和接触到独特的风景和人，使他们能够学习与专业和未来工作相关的知识-R。兴高采烈地欣赏那些具有悠久历史、世界影响力和他们所仰慕的自然和文化景观，并欣赏旅游目的地独特的文化、历史、宗教、艺术内容。
As the largest part of the foreign students in UK, post-90s Chinese students become a consumer group who cannot be ignored by British travel companies in the tourism market segments. This dissertation aimed to be based on push-pull theory, Maslow's theory of hierarchy of need and travel career ladder theory to study the tourism motivations of theirs by using quantitative and qualitative research methods. In this study, the research data were obtained through questionnaires and interviews, processing and analyzing with SPSS 20.0 to obtain the following results.
First, the post-90s and the post-80s Chinese students all hoped that their internal and external needs relating to relaxation motivation could be met. Second, in terms of pursuing stimulation, the internal needs relating to stimulation motivation of the post-90s and the post-80s Chinese students were not strong, and they were all not interested in challenging tourist attractions. Third, Chinese students of the two generations have strong internal needs relating to interpersonal relationship, which was specifically reflected in the aspects of improving feelings with friends and making new friends. Both the post-90s and the post-80s Chinese students expected that their external needs relating to making friends motivation could be met. Fourth, in high-level tourism motivations such as self-development and self-fulfillment, the score of post-90s Chinese students was significantly higher than the score of post-80s Chinese students. Meanwhile, the post-90s Chinese students paid more attention to meeting external needs relating to self-development and self-fulfillment than the post-80s Chinese students, which was reflected in that they could appreciate and have an access to unique scenery and people that allowed them to learn knowledge relating to their major and future work-related, to enjoy those natural and cultural landscape that have a long history, world influence and they admired, and to enjoy unique cultural, historical, religious, artistic contents of tourism destinations.
In addition, this study put forward its limitations and directions of future research, according to the characteristics of post-90s Chinese students in terms of tourism motivations, it brought forward recommendations on development of targeted marketing strategies for British travel companies.
Key words: tourism motivation; push-pull model; Maslow's theory of hierarchy of need; travel career ladder theory; post-90s Chinese students
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Research motivation 2
1.3 Research aims 3
1.4 Research questions 3
1.5 Research scope 4
1.6 Research focus 4
1.7 Structure of the Study 4
Chapter 2 Literature Review 6
2.1 Introduction to tourism motivation 6
2.2 Push-pull theory 7
2.3 Maslow's theory of hierarchy of need 8
2.4 Travel career ladder theory 9
2.5 Research on tourism motivations of young people 11
2.6 Critical analysis 13
2.7 Question frameworks and Theoretical framework 13
2.7.1 Question frameworks 13
2.7.2 Theoretical framework 14
Chapter 3 Methodology 15
3.1 Epistemology and methodology 15
3.1.1 Epistemology 15
3.1.2 Methodology 15
3.2 Research method 16
3.3 Research hypothesis 16
3.4 Research tool 17
3.4.1 Questionnaire 17
3.4.2 Interview 18
3.5 Data processing 19
Chapter 4 Findings and Analysis 20
4.1 Results of the questionnaire 20
4.1.1 Survey sampling 20
4.1.2 Reliability and validity analysis 20
4.1.3 Push factor 20
4.1.4 Pull factor 25
4.2 Results of the interview
