论约翰·福尔斯《收藏家》中不可靠叙事下的伦理取位

losopher and a successful popular novelist. His novels completely explore his gaming interests (212). Thomas Docherty noted that Fowles portrays character traits as facts independent of the text in his novels. He carefully processed his materials, by making the virtual space his character lives in the same as the real space we live in present in our mind, he gave his character the freedom to exist (133). According to Fred Kaplan, writers explore Victorian consciousness more seriously and excitingly than researchers. Fowles’s The French Lieutenant’s Woman and Nabokov’s Ada are the most influential on 19th-century novels and Victorian-modern creative conscience (108). Buchberger emphasized Fowles’s novels. His works are radical extensions of modernism, as shown by The Collector, The French Lieutenant’s Woman, and The Magus. He flawlessly blends 1950s realism and humanism with late-modernist radical, experimental, and cosmopolitan writing (150). Michael Tatham utilized The Collector and The French Lieutenant’s Woman to demonstrate Fowles’s ability to write more lucid religious books that garnered greater reception. More exactly, Fowles’s distinctive treatment of materials gives his characters fable potential, making it hard to distinguish them from their regular human nature (404). 

2.2 Studies at Home

Professor Zhang Helong says, “To study British postmodern novels, it is impossible to avoid the novels of John Fowles” (1). The Collector’s domestic academic research interest was weaker than in The French Lieutenant’s Woman. There are a multitude of opinions about The Collector. Some consider this a great novel, yet others find it crude. Due to its unique plot, many critics have praised it. Comparative studies, existentialism, feminism, psychological analysis, character image analysis, and narrative methodologies dominate Chinese scholarship in this work. 

Scholars first examined The Collector’s relationship to other works. If one attentively reads The Collector, “Caliban”—the protagonist’s character image—and the secluded basement become familiar. Researchers have demonstrated The Collector’s connection to other literary works through these details. The Collector exhibits “intertextuality” in various ways, as shown by diligent reading and investigation. Using restricted intertextuality theory, Xu Fang feels this work is intertextual to Shakespeare’s The Tempest and a satire of Robinson Crusoe. According to broad intertextuality theory, this work reflects post-WWII society’s “anger” and existentialist philosophy’s serious thinking on human freedom (89). Some scholars have also examined the relationship between The Collector and other Fowles’s works, combining them in one dimension to compare and contrast. Zhao Pan compared Fowles’s The Collector and The Magus, claiming that both novels are about men’s maturation and that the male heroes mature beneath women and divinity (96). Instead, Kong Beibei addresses women’s free development in The Collector and The French Lieutenant’s Woman. She believes that Fowles has made a qualitative leap in the shaping of female characters and women’s views, and his understanding of women’s freedom and liberation has become more profound and thorough (71). The French Lieutenant’s Woman and The Collector, according to Zhao Jianfen, use Sarah, Fowles’s spokesperson, and Miranda, a sacrifice in a patriarchal society, to inspire people to fight for their natural rights and freedoms (180).

CHAPTER III THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ..................... 13

3.1 James Phelan and Unreliable Narration ........................... 13

3.2 Narrative Process and Ethical Position ............................... 15

CHAPTER IV THE “FIRST-PERSON” UNRELIABLE NARRATION .................... 20

4.1 Estranging Unreliable Narrator ....................... 20

4.2 Bonding Unreliable Narrator ................................. 25

CHAPTER V TEXTUAL MOTIVATION IN NARRATIVE PROCESS .................... 31

5.1 Instability in the Stor