研究指出，苹果将混合自下而上，自上而下和开放式和封闭式的创新体系和策略创造创新的产品和工艺。与自下而上的行动，目的是鼓励员工参与通过想法提交他们认为是可行的和值得追求的苹果。在产品开发过程中的高层管理者的职责是协调和澄清这样的错误是由于思想通过磨大大降低。正是在这样的苹果能够开拓新产品，创造商业空间和新的市场定位流
数据表明，创新文化与领导密切联系。有人形容史蒂夫·乔布斯作为一个创造性的决策者，有魅力的领导者和适应在市场条件的变化。此外，有迹象显示，苹果公司能够通过创新获得成本优势。苹果使用同样的员工和技术创新为其他产品等领域的产品计算机产品如电脑，ipad，ipod，电话，电视，和软件各有不同深度的产品线，该组织利用它的成本和提高其竞争能力的有效和高效地。苹果是世界上最盈利的组织。
ABSTRACT
The aim of the research is to examine the performance of the business is affected by innovation and entrepreneurship. The objectives of the research were examine the potential ways by which innovation can help an organisation to reduce its cost of operation as well as enhanced its revenue potential to achieve higher profits and to analyse the ways by which innovating organisation can be equipped with competitive tool to achieve higher competitive advantage over other organisation that do not innovate.
The research has noted that Apple combines a hybrid of Bottom-Up, TopDown and Open and closed innovation systems and strategies to create innovative products and processes. With the bottom-up initiatives, the aim is to encourage their employees to be involved through the submission of ideas that they think is viable and worth pursing by Apple. The role of the top managers in the process of developing products is to coordinate and clarify so that mistakes are reduce considerably as the ideas move through the mill. It is in this way that Apple is able to pioneer its stream of new products that creates business spaces and new market nichesData has been collected from secondary sources and it suggests that Apple's culture of innovation has close linkage with its leadership. Some people have described Steve Jobs as a creative decision maker, charismatic leader and adaptable to changing in the conditions in the market. In addition, there is an indication that Apple is able to get cost advantage through innovation. Apple uses the same employees and technology to innovate into other product areas such as to product computer product like computers, iPad, ipod, Phones, TV, and Software each of which have different depth o product lines, the organisation leverages it cost and enhances its ability to compete effectively and efficiently.
Apple is one of the most profitable organisations in the world. At the end of 2012, Apple’s was worth $108 billion in terms of revenues which was a significant increase from its sales revenue of $65 billion in 2010.
According to Aghion, et al (2004) it is the desire of every business organisations to obtain unrivalled competitive terrain where it controls and dictates the direction of the market competition. This is because the ability to make profit is largely dependent on the amount of market space (share) that an organisation controls and reaches with their products and services.
In the past the sources of competitive advantage were simpler than it is today because it was largely reflected in access to manpower, and capita (Romijn and Albaladejo, 2002) but this is not the case in the new business environment of the 21st century (Roper, et al, 2008). Today, the source of competitive advantage has largely shifted in favour of organisation that learns to see things clearly and weighs them justly and the uses innovation and entrepreneurship to overtake their fellows (Stroker, 2009) and also the possession of good quality human resources (Drucker, 2009). This research is about business innovation and intrapreneurship as a source of gaining business advantage and the unique ways by which an organisation can employ its human resources into innovative ventures and how effective innovation can also enhance human resources development in an organisation.
Innovation involves the conversion of new knowledge into a new product, new process or service putting of this new product, pr
