ime. By maintaining a steady pace, the writer will not have to make up ground in a hurry. That kind of crunch-time research and writing should be avoided because it never results in a writer’s best work. Use interim deadlines to pace yourself.
对经验丰富的作者来说，这些期中截止期限就像踏脚石，是种有用的指标，能知道专题是如期进行，或是进度落后。作者可以从中知道自己可以喘口气休息一下，或者需要再加把劲。如果有稳定的进展，就不必匆匆忙忙赶进度。论文研究与写作应该避免急就章，因为这种结果必然不理想。期中截止期限能帮助你按部就班进行。
Way # 3 – Develop and employ systems
建议三：制定并善用有系统的方法
Writers of academic papers can be as guilty as any other kind of writer in believing that inspiration rules the creative process. While we should never underestimate how much inspiration can contribute to a creative enterprise, the fact is that perspiration and planning also are important to success. After all, creative geniuses whose brains deliver blinding flashes of inspiration often need their work systematically organized, edited, and prepared for publication.
写作学术论文就像其他写作一样，如果你以为写作主要仰赖灵感，那就大错特错了。虽然对于困难的创作来说，灵感确实不可忽视，但是要成功，辛勤工作与计划也不可或缺。毕竟，创意天才即使脑中常闪现令人目眩神迷的灵光，但文章要发表，仍然需要有系统的组织、编辑与准备。
So even if you are a creative genius, your work will only be helped by becoming systematic in your approach to it. Like deadlines, systems are external aids through which a writer can channel his energy. Systems are like doors and stairs and sidewalks: They assist a writer in getting from Point A to Point E—the end. One such system is a work schedule. A writer who systematically works on a project for a set number of hours each designated work day is a disciplined worker.
所以，就算脑中灵感源源不绝，仍必须有系统地工作。有系统的方法就像截稿期限一样，是种外在的机制，有助作者专注投入心力。有系统的方法就像一道道门、一节节阶梯，以及一条条道路，让你从起点甲地，通往终点戊地。时程规划就是一种有系统的方法，让你在每个固定的工作天，投入固定的时间，规律执行一项计划，有纪律地工作。
Another system is organized research and note-taking. A researcher who flips willy-nilly through research volumes, making abstract notes on odd pieces of paper and in margins, is sure to waste time later revisiting the same text. The same is true of a researcher who doesn’t review his findings systematically each day to see where they are taking him. Such reviews can organize a paper in the mind. Being systematic is a key way to pace yourself and conserve your energy.
另一种有系统的方式，则是有组织地研究与作笔记。如果只是有一搭没一搭地翻翻研究资料，随便拿张纸或在书页边缘写几句模糊的笔记，之后必然得浪费时间修改这些笔记。同样地，如果
