关于由含钛高炉渣合成固态复合肥的研究
【摘要】 大量排放的含钛高炉渣造成了钛资源的流失和环境污染,对其利用已成为资源领域关注的焦点。这对于冶金工业可持续发展具有十分重要的现实意义。本研究的目的在于为含钛高炉渣的综合利用提供新的途径,同时满足现代农业生产对植物营养元素的需求。根据目前耕种土壤的营养元素丰缺状况和含钛高炉渣的自身特点,确定了合成的肥料为固态复合肥,首次制备了固态复合肥并进行了大豆栽培试验。本研究用含钛高炉渣作为主要原料,采用加热熔融法制备固态复合肥,以提高其溶解性能,使其中的有益元素转化为易被植物吸收利用的形式。通过碱熔定性实验和硫酸铵加热熔融定性实验,验证硫酸铵加热熔融法的可行性。通过硫酸铵加热熔融正交实验分析了不同工艺参数对固态复合肥溶解性能的影响,确定了水淬渣制备固态复合肥的最佳工艺条件为：加热温度为360℃,恒温时间为35min,硫酸铵加入量为8倍。在此条件下水溶性钛质量最大为0.305g,折算溶出率为88.2%。选择常见农作物大豆对所合成的固态复合肥进行了农业栽培实验研究,考察了该固态复合肥对大豆生长状况、性状、产量和营养成分的影响。结果表明,该固态复合肥可以使大豆的株高、节数、主根长和叶干重明显增加；使大豆的单株枇荚数和荚皮重／粒重明显减少,单株荚数、单株荚重、单株粒数和单株粒重显著增加,百粒重、蛋白质和淀粉含量基本无差异。说明该固态复合肥对大豆植株和根系的生长均有促进作用,对大豆有增产作用且增产作用是通过增加单株荚数、单株荚重和单株粒数来实现的。
【Abstract】 The use of the titanium-bearing blast furnace slag has been a focus in resource domain for the waste of large quantities of titanium and environment pollution caused by the discharging of the titanium-bearing blast furnace slag. The significance of its utilization is obvious for the sustain development of metallurgical industry. The aims of this research are to find some new ways for comprehensive utilization of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag, and at the same time to meet the demands of agricultural production as nutritional elements of plants. According to the content of nutritional elements in cultivated soil and the characteristics of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag, the fertilizer has been determined as solid compound fertilizer, and cultivation experiment on soybean with the solid compound fertilizer was studied for the first time.In this study, the titanium-bearing blast furnace slag was used as a major raw material to synthesis solid compound fertilizer by heat-melting, to enhance its solving rate and make beneficial nutritional elements convert into the absorbtive form by plants easily. The feasibility of (NH4)2SO4-fusion was proved by the qualitative experiment of alkali-fusion and qualitative experiment of (NH4)2SO4-fusion.The effects of different parameters on the solving rate of solid compound fertilizer were analysed through the orthogonal experiment of (NH4)2SO4-fusion. As a result, the optimum synthesis process conditions of solid compound fertilizer from water-quenched slag were:the reaction temperature was 360℃, the holding time was 35 min, the addition of (NH4)2SO4 was 8 times of the slag. Under these conditions the maximum quality of water-soluble titanium was 0.305 g, the solving rate was 88.2%.The agricultural cultivation experimental was studied by planting common soybean, investigating the effects of the solid compound fertilizer on growth conditions, character, yield and the content of nutrient component. The results showed that the solid compound fertilizer can make the plant height, the number of knot, the main root length and the weight of dry leaf increase significantly; make the number of empty legumen per plant, the weight rate of hull and grain decrease significantly, make the number of legumen per plant, the weight of legumen per plant, the number of grain per plant and the weight of grain per plant increase significantly, however, there is no diversification in the weight of http://www.51lunwen.org/nykj/2012/0301/lw201203010928454138.html per 100 grains, the content of protein and amylum. The results showed that the solid compound fertilizer can promote the plant and the root of soybean to grow, enhance the yield of soybean by increasing the number of legumen per plant, the weight of legumen per plant and the number of grain per plant.
【关键词】 含钛高炉渣； 固态复合肥； 营养元素； 合成实验； 栽培实验；
【Key words】 titanium-bearing blast furnace slag； solid compound fertilizer； nutritional element； synthesis experiment； cultivation experiment；
