Chapter One Literature Review
1.1 Related Studies Abroad and Home
This section mainly talks about the studies of language transfer in domestic and foreign countries. The studies on positive transfer are focused, so as imperial study. The study of language transfer in foreign countries has a history of more than a hundred years. And the research can be divided into three stages, which will be introduced in the next chapter. Since 1950s, numerous works about Language Transfer came into being, including,Gass & Selinker（1983）,Vildomec（1963）,Kellerman & Sharwood Smith（1986）,Ringbom（1987）,Odlin（1989）,Dechert & Raupach（1989）Jarvis & Pavlenko (2008),etc. Among them, Odlin’s works on language Transfer is commonly believed as a milestone in the history of second language acquisition. His masterpiece Language Transfer: Cross-Linguistic Influence in Language Learning (Odlin, 1989) gives a most comprehensive coverage of research outcomes before 1990s and it is cited most frequently by other works. Currently, Jarvis and Pavlenko’s masterpiece Crosslinguistic Influence in Language and Cognition (Jarvis & Pavlenko, 2008) is another influential work. This monograph described language transfer from the cognitive aspect and made a detailed description on the study of language transfer theory. Among numerous studies empirical studies are quite a lot. Many scholars (Gass, 1979; Hyltenstam, 1984) confirmed the facilitate function of transfer through the study of relative clauses. The positive role of language transfer can also be found in other areas. In terms of lexicon learning, scholars have got some achievements in lexical semantics, lexical representation, and activation of lexicon.
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1.1.2 Related Studies in China
The study of language started comparably later in China than foreign countries. From the late 1990s, Wang Wenyu(1998) and other scholars have achieve certain research results. However, generally speaking the amount of research is not big in number. Among these linguists, Wen Qiufang(2010) makes a authoritative classification on their major studies. She points out that the domestic study of language transfer mainly concentrated in the following four areas: Firstly, some linguists have introduced the transfer theory and made some reflections, which include the work of Wang Wenyu (1999), Dai Weidong (2002) and Tang Chengxian (2003). Secondly, domestic scholars, including Wang Wenyu and Wen Qiufang (2002), Liu Donghong (2002), have studied the transfer of language skill and learning strategies. These studies have focused on writing skills. The purposes of these
