本文是一篇英美文学论文，本文运用霍米·巴巴的后殖民主义分析《热与尘》中英国和印度的冲突与融合。论文首先分析了小说中宗主国和被殖民者之间的二元对立关系。殖民统治时期的宗主国通过刻板印象对被殖民者的刻意的丑化以及地理上的种族隔离来构建双方中心与边缘的关系。
ChapterⅠIntroduction
1.1 Introduction to R.P.Jhabvala and Heat and Dust
Ruth Prawer Jhabvala(1927-2013)is a Western writer who writes about Indiaand is known for her witty and insightful depictions of contemporary Indian life as“an important post-colonial novelist”(Crane 121).She has published 13 novels and 8collections of short stories in her lifetime,in addition to writing and adapting 23 plays.Her novel Heat and Dust won the Booker Prize in 1975,and the screenplay fromwhich it was remade won the BAFTA for Best Adapted Screenplay in 1984.Heradaptations of E.M.Forster’s novels A Room with a View and Howards End wonAcademy Awards,making her the only person to win both the Booker and the Oscar.Talking about contemporary writers Dame Rebecca West once mentions that one ofher favorites is“that Polish woman with the Indian name who lives in New York”(Merle Rubin 1).This multiple portrayal of Jhabvala is closely related to her multipleidentities.Jhabvala was born in 1927 to Polish Jewish parents in Frankfurt,Germany.In order to flee Nazi persecution,the family moved to England in 1939.It is here thatJhabvala receives her British education at London University and become a Britishcitizen.After marrying an Indian parsi architect in 1951,she moved to India andraised three daughters before heading for New York 24 years later.
1.2 Literature Review
R.P.Jhabvala is known for her witty and insightful depictions of the relationship between Indian and British.Her last book before leaving India,Heat and Dust,wonthe Booker Prize in 1975 and garnered national and international attention.Foreignresearch includes monographs,biographies,doctoral theses,journals,newspapers andso on.Domestic research on Jhabvala starts late,and there are only a few short storiestranslated at the beginning(1988-1993).Her Booker Prize work Heat and Dust hasbeen studied more in China,and other works are less involved.The number ofdomestic research is limited,with no monographs,only five master’s theses and more than ten journals.Therefore,there is still a large space for domestic research onJhabvala.
1.2.1 Studies on Heat and Dust Abroad
In EBSCO Literary Reference Center,when inputting Ruth Prawer Jhabvala canget 109 articles.These included 74 reviews,17 academic theoretical journals,15magazines and 3 news articles.The main perspectives of Heat and Dust research are book reviews,skills,novel themes,feminism,the interaction between Eastern andWestern cultures,and so on.
ChapterⅡCenter andPeriphery:Self and Otherunder Suzerain Rule
2.1 Identity Discrimination of Suzerain to the Colonized
Homi K.Bhabha draws on Freud’s fetishism to explain the source of the colonialstereotypes.In the suzerain’s cognition,all people should have the same skin,colorrace and culture as the whites,while those people who do not have the same skincolor and culture race will be deliberately demonized by the suzerain.In their view,white people are noble and pure gentlemen,while those Indians who do not have thesame skin color are dirty and vulgar,their civilization is backward,and theirenvironment is the hell of earth.The Western women in the novel are free,rationaland intelligent,but the Indian women are portrayed as a backward group.They arestupid,inferior,passive and subordinate to men.The Indian servants are filthy,andthey are always subject to the authority of the British without any resistance.Thegentry and Buddhists are cunning and hypocritical compared to the English,who are always portrayed as noble gentlemen.The colonists interpret them as a backwardgroup,highlighting the peripheral relationship between the two centers,andrationalizing the colonial rule.There are many contrasting depictions in the novel tohighlight the centrality of the suzerain and the legitimacy of colonial rule.
2.2 Environmental Stereotypes of Suzerain to the Colonized
“Stereotypes can be used to expla
