摘 要
弗•斯科特•菲茨杰拉德是20世纪美国最伟大的作家之一，他的代表作《了不起的盖茨比》最为世人所熟知。小说讲述了一个美国年轻人在追求爱情、财富、美国梦的过程中，不断地跟自己的人格作斗争并最终走向自我毁灭的故事。这个悲剧的产生跟主人公盖茨比的性格不无关系。盖茨比受家庭环境、社会环境乃至时代环境的影响，逐渐形成了一种矛盾的性格，这种性格诱导他走向了自我毁灭。本文试图以分析心理学家荣格的原型理论视角剖析盖茨比的人物性格特征及其形成原因。第一部分简要介绍了作者菲茨杰拉德的生平及其作品《了不起的盖茨比》，并对心理学家荣格的原型理论作了简要分析。第二部分从荣格的原型理论出发，选取其中三个非常重要的原型——人格面具、阴影、自性，揭示其对盖茨比性格造成的影响，并分析其具体体现。第三部分从二战后美国的社会环境、盖茨比对美国梦的理解和对黛西的迷恋三个角度分析造成盖茨比性格矛盾性的深层原因。本论文主要通过文献研读法以及信息分析法对本论题进行研究，以达到作者的研究目的。
关键词：矛盾性格；原型理论
Abstract
F. Scott Fitzgerald is one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century. He is most well known to the world for his masterpiece The Great Gatsby. This great novel tells a story about an American young man who struggles with his personality and progressively heads to self-destruction in his pursuit of love, wealth and American Dream. The tragedy of the protagonist is inseparable from his character. Influenced by his family, the society and the living background, a contradictory character is gradually formed on the man and induces him to destroy himself. This thesis attempts to analyze the development of the protagonist's character from the perspective of Carl Gustav Jung's Archetypal Theory. The paper consists of three parts. The first part is the introduction of F. Scott Fitzgerald and The Great Gatsby as well as Carl Gustav Jung's Archetypal Theory. Part two is to analyze Gatsby's contradictory character from the perspective of Jung's Archetypal Theory. Three archetypes, i.e. persona, shadow and self, are selected to reveal their influence on Gatsby's character. Furthermore, demonstration of each archetype in Gatsby's character will be analyzed. The third part is the analysis of the reasons for the contradiction rooted in Gatsby’s character, mainly in the background of the American society after WWI, Gatsby's interpretation of American Dream and his obsession with Daisy. In order to analyze Gatsby's contradictory character, critical literature reading and information analyzing techniques are applied.
Key word: self-destruction, contradictory character, Archetypal Theory
Contents
摘 要 II
Abstract III
1. Introduction 1
1.1 F. Scott Fitzgerald and The Great Gatsby 1
1.2 Introduction to Carl Gustav Jung's Archetypal Theory 2
2. An Archetypal Analysis of Gatsby’s Contradictory Character 3
2.1 The Persona Archetype Demonstrated by Gatsby 3
2.1.1 A Brief Introduction to the Persona Archetype 4
2.1.2 Demonstration of the Persona Archetype in Gatsby’s Character 5
2.2 The Shadow Archetype Demonstrated by Gatsby 7
2.2.1 A Brief Introduction to the Shadow Archetype 7
2.2.2 Demonstration of the Shadow Archetype in Gatsby’s Character 8
2.3 The Self Archetype Demonstrated by Gatsby 10
2.3.1 A Brief Introduction to the Self Archetype 10
2.3.2 Demonstration of the Self Archetype in Gatsby’s Character 10
3. Main Reasons for the Contradiction of Gatsby’s Character 12
3.1 Hedonism of the American Society after WWI 12
3.2 Gatsby’s Misinterpretation of American Dream 12
3.3 Gatsby’s Obsession with Daisy 13
4. Conclusion 14
Bibliography 17
1. Introduction
A brief introduction to F. Scott Fitzgerald and The Great Gatsby as well as C.G. Jung’s Archetypal Theory is presented as below.
1.1 F. Scott Fitzgerald and The Great Gatsby
F. Scott Fitzgerald is one of the most famous American novelists in the 20th century. He was born in St Paul City, Minnesota 1896. When studying at Princeton University, he wrote for the college journal. However, he soon discontinued his study as a result of his poor health condition and joined the army in 1917, during which he never had fought a battle. After leaving the army, he continued writing and had his first novel The Side of Paradise published in the year 1920. The book made him famous and earned him money and reputation. He soon married Zelda and moved to Paris with her where he acquainted many famous writers including Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemingway. Later, The Great Gatsby was published, which soon led to another sensation in the l
