摘要:西双版纳位于云南省南部，具有多雨、高温、潮湿的气候特点，这为各种动、植物的生长繁衍提供了良好的生态环境，同时也为红掌种植提供了天然的优越条件。红掌是草本植物，喜高温多湿气候，适宜在亚热带、热带地区栽培，主要用于高档切花和大型盆栽，具有很高的观赏价值和经济价值，是西双版纳最适宜发展的花卉之一。
本文针对西双版纳红掌设施栽培集成技术作了初步研究，以期为培育出高产、优质的红掌提供技术支撑，也为其它花卉的设施栽培提供参考。论文主要从以下几方面进行了研究。
一、对红掌栽培基质进行了优化选择，实验结果表明，以珍珠岩为栽培基质的移栽成活率最高；而在红掌定植时，采用泥炭＋珍珠岩＋木屑（2:2:1）作为栽培基质效果最好；
二、对栽培环境中的温度、湿度和光照作了初步的控制，实验结果如下：
1、对栽培环境中的温度进行了初步的控制，实验结果表明，在设施栽培温度控制中，日平均温度为26℃是红掌生长的全年最佳温度时段。此时叶面积最大，花的大小适中，花色艳丽，花形整齐，质量高；
2、水分和湿度控制是设施栽培的重要内容：A、用水要清洁，以雨水为最好，但基质不能积水；B、湿度保持在75-90％之间，采用空中喷水或喷雾方法增湿；保湿主要是地面覆草覆膜或微滴灌；利用开顶窗和侧窗或利用石灰氮、人工干燥剂等降湿；
3、光照控制：在棚内无遮光网和覆一层遮光网的条件下，红掌的净光合速率呈双峰曲线，最高峰出现在上午9点左右，其次在12时前后，而双层遮光网条件下无双峰曲线；另覆一层遮光网使透光率为30％时表观光合量子效率最高，远大于覆两层遮光网（透光率10％）；再有，棚内自然光条件下的红掌，其叶片的乙醇酸氧化酶活性远远大于遮光条件下的红掌，表明栽培红掌的遮光量不宜过多，控制最佳光照为15000lux至55000lux为宜。
三、对肥料和水分进行了管理分析，实验结果如下；
1、清洁卫生的水质有利于红掌生长发育，天然雨水是红掌栽培中最好的水源；
2、对肥料进行了管理分析，研究表明，用红掌专用肥效果最好，因其中添加了红掌生长所必须的微量元素，养分全，配方合理；另对于温室栽培，增施CO2气肥可促进红掌生长。
四、调查分析了红掌的主要侵染性病虫害，并提出了一些行之有效的防治措施。
Abstract
Xishuangbanna is in the south of Yunnan province, which has climatic characteristics of much-rain, high-temperature and humidity. They provide favorable conditions for all kinds of lives which grow and multiply, at the same time, natural, predominant conditions for growth of Anthurium andraeanum. Anthurium andraeanum is herbaceous plant, living shade, humidity, subtorrid zone and torrid zone, which is useful for bottle-inserted, potted plant and cutted flower. It possesses very high value watched and economical value. So, growth of Anthurium andraeanum is fresh flower industry in Xishuangbanna.
This paper is about compositive technique of establishment cultivation of Anthurium andraeanum in Xishuangbanna. These will cultivate high-yield and high-quality Anthurium andraeanum, at the same time, offer reference to establishment cultivation of other flowers. Our study is mainly from the following aspects.
1 Carried on the optimized choice to the cultivation matrix, the experimental result had indicated that, as cultivated the matrix take the pearlite to transplant the survival rate to be highest; But when field planting, uses the peat coal, the pearlite, the sawdust took the cultivation matrix effect is best;
2 To cultivated in the environment the temperature, the humidity and the illumination makes the preliminary control, the experimental result has been as follows:
(1) To cultivated in the environment the temperature to carry on the preliminary control, the experimental result had indicated that, in the facility cultivation temperature control, the daily average temperature for 26℃; was the whole year optimum temperature time interval which the red palm grew. This time the leaf area is biggest, flower's size is moderate, the variety is gorgeous, the colored shape is neat, the quality is high;
(2) The moisture content and the humidity control is the facility cultivation important content: The water used must be clean, take the rain water as best, but the matrix cannot the ponding; The humidity maintains between 75-90%, uses the airborne spraying of water or the atomization method humidification; Guarantees wet mainly is the ground duplicate grass membrana tectoria or the micro drip irrigation; Using the top window and the side scuttle or using the nitrolime, the artificial drying agent and so on fall wet;
(3) Illumination control: In the awning the non-shade network and under the duplicate shade network condition, the red palm only photosynthesis speed assumes the split-blip curve, the high point appears about morning 9 o'clock, next around 12 o'clock, but under double-decked shade network condition non-split-blip curve; The duplicate shade network causes the transmittance is in addition 30% watch sightseeing gathers the quantum efficiency to be highest, is bigger than the duplicate two shade network far (transmittance 10%); Again has, in the awning under the natural light condition red palm, its leaf blade's clycollic acid oxidation enzyme activity is bigger than
