摘要
中国的高速公路交通安全形势由于它通车里程的迅速增加、大型的货运流动问题威胁着我们的生活。很多的交通问题，如:突发事件、道路堵塞等状况，已呈现出快速增长的趋势。对交通事故进行实时、准确、及时的判断和预测是减少高速公路交通事故、提高安全水平的有效途径。如何建立有效的高速公路交通安全预警系统，有效地预测即将发生的交通事故，及时、快速、准确发布预警信息给用户；利用预警系统监控的高速公路，获取实时数据，利用数据处理迅速消除潜在危害是从根源上减少交通事故率的关键。因此，本文的目的是构建一个完整的交通安全预警系统，它集交通数据采集、数据处理、安全评价和预警信息于一体。
（1）以云计算为基础，介绍了它的概念、特点、模板和应用；同时，对现有的高速公路交通安全预警系统框架理论进行了分析和总结，分析了云计算的关键技术和云计算在交通领域的应用。
（2）重点解析了物联网技术在交通安全领域中的应用，阐述物联网的相关理论，同时研究基于物联网的交通安全预警系统的结构，包括基于物联网和基于GIS的信息处理的采集系统，为以云端框架为基础的高速公路交通安全预警系统的设计提供了经验。
（3）解析了针对高速公路的预警处理和预警系统，对构建一个合理的基于云端框架的高速公路交通安全预警系统，提出了总体架构与逻辑结构，着重阐述了基于物联网平台的信息采集系统及信息发布系统。
（4）针对雨雪等恶劣天气条件下路面状况的检测和预警问题，采用朴素贝叶斯分类器对路面状况进行分类。首先，提取图像中道路的区域，然后提取道路图像的熵、能量、对比度、平均亮度和平均饱和度，采用朴素贝叶斯分类器对道路区域进行分类，对雨雪较多的路段进行报警处置。
（5）设计了高速公路智能视频监控系统。该系统能够实现道路路面影像的采集、运动目标检测和追踪、车辆信息统计和道路雨雪路况检测等作用，可用于异常路况和恶劣路况的报警处理。
关键词：高速公路交通安全，预警系统，云计算，运动目标检测
Abstract
The traffic safety situation of expressway in China is becoming more and more serious due to the rapid increase of its opening mileage and the flow of people logistics, many traffic problems, such as sudden events, traffic jams and so on, have shown a fast increasing trend. The effective way to reduce the highway traffic accident and improve its safety level is the realistic, accurate, timely judgment and predict the impending traffic accident. How to build efficient and powerful expressway traffic safety early warning system to effectively predict the impending traffic accident, timely, fast and accurate release of early warning information to the user; using early-warning system to monitor the expressway, obtain real-time data, and quickly eliminate the potential harm by processing data is the key to reduce the traffic accident rate from the root. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to construct a complete traffic safety early warning system, which integrates traffic data collection, data processing, safety evaluation and early warning information.
（1） Starting from the basic concept of cloud computing, this paper introduces its concept, characteristics and model and its application. At the same time, analyzed and summarized the existing framework theory of expressway traffic safety early warning system, and analyzed the key technology of cloud computing and the application of cloud computing in traffic field.
（2） Focusing on the application of IoT technology in the field of traffic safety, this paper introduces the theory of IoT correlation and studies the structure of the early warning system of traffic safety based on IoT, including the collection system based on IoT and the information processing system based on GIS, which provides the experience support for the design of expressway traffic safety early warning system based on cloud architecture.
（3） Analyze the demand of expressway early warning management and early warning system, construct a reasonable early warning system of expressway traffic safety based on cloud structure, put forward its general frame and logical structure, emphatically introduce the information collection system and information releasing system based on the Internet of things.
（4） In view of the problem of road surface condition detection and early warning in the condition of rain and snow, the simple Bayes classifier is used to classify the road state. Firstly, the region of the road in the image is extracted, and then the entropy, energy, contrast, average brightness and average saturation of the road image are extracted, and the simple Bayes classifier is used to classify the road area, and the road with more wet and slippery snow is alarm.
（5） The Intelligent video Surveillance system of Expressway is designed. The system can accomplish the function of road background extraction, motion target detection and tracking, vehicle information statistics and road rain and snow condition detection in traffic video, and can be used for alarming treatment of abnormal traffic condition and bad road condition.
Keywords：Highway Traffic Safety，Early Warning System，Cloud，Moving target detection
目录
摘要 4
关键词 4
Abstract
